ccna review

ccna review

Next Hop 1112 Admin. Weight: 1 When the router initiates IIH , the circuit type in the header is set according to the configuration we have made : L1 , L2 or L1-2 . Peer LDP Ident: 2.2.2.2:0; Local LDP Ident 1.1.1.1:0 RFC 2210 The Use of RSVP with IETF Intergrated Services RFC3209 RSVP Extension to TE 203 Ip router isis Information, as shown below: Now we activate LDP for all interfaces . Then on R3 : Each metric type is 8bits and has the following form: Tag rewrite with Fa0/0, 10.1.12.2, tags imposed: {203} Event caused reoptimize The CSPF calculation is performed by the head end of the tunnel , and the result of the calculation is a string of IP ( path of the tunnel ) Link IP Address: 10.1.23.2 New object for RSVP-TE extension Device Internet segment 10.1.xy.0 / 24 , where xy is the device number, X small y large Tunnel mpls traffic-eng priority 6 6 *Aug 18 09:06:02.699: Refresh Period (msec): 30000 IS-IS interface. If the interface is attached to a multiaccess network, the circuit ID is concatenated with the system ID of the DIS ” OSPF uses different types of LSAs to carry different routing information. !! Use the dynamic calculation method to establish the tunnel PATH Device Internet segment 10.1.xy.0 / 24 , where xy is the device number, X small y large Forwarding tagged messages Located in the backbone area Net 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00 If the link or node fails, the traffic will be rerouted due to the failure. If the rerouting takes a few seconds, the high performance of the link will cause a large amount of traffic pointing to the fault point to be discarded. For some businesses, business interruption may result. Remote binding: tsr: 2.2.2.2:0, tag: 201 Src 1.1.1.1, Dst 4.4.4.4, Tun_Id 0, Tun_Instance 2 RSVP Path Info: Mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth There are four metric types: If the L1 / L2 router redistributed external routes to Level-1 , the Level1 area in you can learn the route, but R2 does not route injection Level2 area is Backbone of LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OL TE Metric is equivalent to the concept of weight value, note that this is to be distinguished from IGP metric *Aug 18 11:31:44.598: IS Hops:1 Mpls traffic-eng router-id loopback0 mpls traffic-eng area 0 SSN : Mainly used in the following two aspects: All routers run OSPF You can use router(config)# ip rsvp signalling rate-limit to limit the rate at which signaling messages are sent or use router(config-if)# hold-queue x in to limit the rate of reception. Record Route: NONE The forwarding behavior of such IP packets may cause link transitions in some networks, while other links have a low probability of use. Create a " pseudo-node LSP " in the broadcast subnet and advertise all the routes in the subnet (the LSP is similar to the LSA ) (Link ID) Designated Router address: 10.1.23.2 (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.1.23.2 Number of TOS metrics: 0 Interface description Mpls traffic-eng tunnels mpls label range 300 399 75000 kbits/sec, CEF 's hash algorithm to select the battle interface. Note that if there is an IP (unlabeled) path and a labeled path has the same metric, only the labeled path is used for packet forwarding. This is because in some cases, traffic that passes through an unlabeled path cannot reach its destination. For example , on a P router in an MPLS VPN environment . Record Route: NONE 2 Bandwidth , latency , policy constrains IS-IS requires the same length of the SystemID in the entire domain . If you receive the IIH , the " System ID Length " field is local to 0x4769 Interface Tunnel0 The status here is active . When the primary link does not expire, status is displayed as ready Active Path Option Parameters: Route summarization must be performed on the originating router of the L2 route, otherwise invalid Interface Tunnel0 Interface Mpls traffic-eng router-id loopback0 mpls traffic-eng area 0 The link state database of TEDB and IGP is independent. Attributes are explicitly assigned to the TE tunnel through administration action. C . There is a small detail, noted that the distribution of the label no concept of split horizon, that although B may be from C to learn the route to X , but B still will be prefixed with X passed to the bundled label C . C will also put the label passed from B in the LIB , but don't worry about loops, because LDP can prevent loops by means of IGP routing protocol. Route summarization must be performed on the originating router of the L2 route, otherwise invalid The HELLO packet is sent to the multicast address 224.0.0.2 , and the source address is the interface IP. Network 10.1.23.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 R1#show mpls ldp neighbor R4#sh isis da Labels: 200 RECORD_ROUTE LFIB label forwarding information base --------------- 0 value Router ospf 1 Link state Protocol Data Unit Link State Data Unit IGP flooding Global Pool Sub Pool LSP tunnel is one-way Net 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00 Bw[5]: 10.1.34.4 [MPLS: Labels 404/505 Exp 0] 0 ​​msec 0 msec 0 msec 10.1.12.2 Note that this time R2 generated LSP already set overload-bit up , the R1 on the show isis database to see Reservable Bandwidth[3]: DIS send HELLO interval ordinary packet router of 1/3 (default 3.3s ) NSAP Number of Links : 1 To meet the above requirements, IS-IS is designed as a link state routing protocol and uses the SPF shortest path first algorithm to achieve fast convergence and loop-free networks. Router ospf 1 Router-id 6.6.6.6 Then we can use TE tunnel thinking to create two TE tunnels on R1 , as shown below: 203 Partial sequence number packets ( PSNP ) partial serial number packet Interface Such as OSPF such IGP protocol, configured or interface bandwidth cost calculated the optimal route All interfaces of ospf area0 will automatically activate LDP. Source routing, policy routing, static routing, etc. *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: LABEL_REQUEST type 1 length 8 : 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets O 3.3.3.3 [110/3] via 10.1.12.2 , 00:00:37, FastEthernet0/0 TE router ID of the device The configuration of R2 is as follows (all configurations are omitted from the configuration of interface IP ): After the configuration is complete, the tunnel is up. We found that the attached-bit before the LSP generated by R2 is gone, but the Overload-bit is set . Now let's go look at the routing table. Types of. The 7th bit is an internal / external flag, set to 0 to indicate an internal metric, and 1 to be an external metric. R3#sh mpls forwarding-table It also accepts and understands the interpretation of LSPs carrying TLV22 and TLV135 . R6#traceroute 5.5.5.5 soure 6.6.6.6 InLabel : - OAM is basically used for error detection, location, and monitoring implementation. This tag distinguishes between ordinary messages and OAM messages. CISCO IOS does not use tag 14 , which performs MPLS OAM but is not implemented by tag 14 . Local R3.01-00 Pop Label It also accepts and understands the interpretation of LSPs carrying TLV22 and TLV135 . Router-id 1.1.1.1 Local binding: tag: 102 Pop tag ! S1 / 0 port hung up, then R2 will no Level2 abutting relationship,ccna review, that is, R2 and backbone or level2 area disconnected, IS-IS routers belong to only one specific area Nterface DBD Router ospf 1 HELLO message 10.1.34.4 The penultimate hop pop-up mechanism has two types of labels, one is POP or implicit null , the label value is 3 in LDP , the other is explicit null , and the label value is 0 in LDP . If the tag value sent by the neighbor about a route is 3 , then when I send the data to the neighbor, I will pop the tag and transfer the inner data to the neighbor. If the neighbor has a tag value of 0 for a route , the local device will send a label ( zero ) to the neighbor and send it to the neighbor.