ccie security v5 preparation

ccie security v5 preparation

Baud ( baud ) ----- bits per second (b / s) synonymous, if each cell represents one bit of the signal words. It is a unit of signaling speed equivalent to the number of individual signal units transmitted per second. Target port : None Session layer : Differentiate data from different applications . The operating system works on this layer of DATA Show controllers serial 0 is used to view the attributes of DCE and DTE The technology of connecting bandwidth on a line to allocate bandwidth. See TDM , ATDM, and statistical multiplexing . Frame-relay route 110 interface Serial1 120 Clear line * Force interrupt "telnet to local " session Thus, the switch has exited the switch at the leading edge of the output before the packet is fully entered into the input port. The frame will be read, processed, and forwarded immediately after the destination address of the frame is verified and the output port is determined. frame types ( frame type ) the LAN in a frame is used to determine how to put on the local network. Ethernet 1. Standard Access Control List 1-99, 1300-1999 2. Extended Access Control List 100-199, 2000-2699 IOS Cisco Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software (Cisco Internetwork Operating System software) ----- as CiscoFusion provide the functionality shared by all products in the off-line configuration, scalability and security of Cisco core routers and switches series. See CiscoFusion . Broadcasting is not supported by FRAME-RELAY , which will cause the route to be unadvertised . Solution : Copy multiple frames for announcement. Ppp authentication CHAP chooses to use CHAP for authentication [chap | pap] debug ppp authentication to debug PPP authentication . Layer Access ( Access Stratum ) ----- the Cisco three-layer hierarchical model. The access layer allows users to access the Internet. A technique that allows for more data. Redundant topology ,ccie security v5 preparation, causing " broadcast storm ", " multiple frame reception ", "MAC address table instability ". =========================================================== =============== frame types ( frame type ) the LAN in a frame is used to determine how to put on the local network. Ethernet Link State Routing Protocols Network view, the process required to use the best possible path. No user data passed during convergence. 1. Content of the announcement : Incremental update (OSPF lsa) 2. Announcement time : Trigger 3. Announced object : Router with neighbor relationship Layer and Transport layer . FEIP Fast Ethernet Interface Processor (Fast Ethernet Interface Processor) Cisco7000 Series Routing FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) ANSIX3T9.5 defined Port Auxiliary ( auxiliary port ) the Cisco console port on the router backplane, which allows the call routing Modulation method. See modulation . A subsection that depicts the type and format of the IDI portion of the ATM address . Ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 Ip route 4.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 2.0.0.2 EXEC session (EXEC session ) is used to describe a command line interface Cisco terminology. EXEC session exists Encapsulation frame-relay clockrate 64000 The law finds a word. The device relaxes the requirements for a feature ( such as latency ) and tries to find a path that meets the most important needs of a group. Layer , Presentation layer , Session layer , and Transport layer . data terminal equipment ( Data Terminal Equipment ) , see the DTE . The device has the hardware address of all devices on the internetwork. The server will then dynamically allocate the used VLANs . Externally connected to each interface of the device. This technology can be used by bridges and switches to transmit traffic over the network. Kind of protocol to communicate. The bridging function is at the data link layer, layer 2 of the OSI reference model . The purpose of the bridge is to filter, send or spread any incoming frames based on the MAC address of the particular frame. CLP cell loss priority (Cell Loss Priority) ATM channel is determined when the header message element cell network congestion ADSU ATM data service unit (ATM Data Service Unit) is used by HSSI connection mechanism compatible The name of the Cisco Fusion Cisco Internetwork architecture on which Cisco IOS completes operations. design (PDU) Add header information. For example, in Internet terminology. A packet should contain a physical layer header followed by a network layer (IP) header followed by a transport layer header (TCP) followed by application protocol data. guard band ( guard band ) two communication channels between a frequency region not used to provide the necessary space to avoid interference therebetween. FECN forward explicit explicit notification (Forward Explicit Congestion Notification) by Frame Relay Network Redundant topology , causing " broadcast storm ", " multiple frame reception ", "MAC address table instability ". OSPF . TCP ( Transmission Control Protocol ), connection-oriented , with retransmission mechanism , reliable transmission Use more than one metric to find the best path to a remote network. By default, both IGRP and EIGRP use the bandwidth and latency of the line. However , the reliability of the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) , load, and link can also be used . The rated throughput of a network protocol or medium. =========================================================== =============== BGP speaker (BGP speakers ) advertises its routing prefix or router. ROM: Rom monitor is a lower-level os system than Mini IOS , similar to BIOS Mini IOS (2500 serial Password cisco sets a password to "cisco" BPDU Bridge Protocol Data Unit (Bridge Protocol DataUnit) between the cross-bridges in the network 1. Transmission area ( backbone area ) 2. Common area ( non-backbone area ) Transmission method. Use acknowledgments and flow control for reliable data transfer. Contrast connectionless . See virtual circuit . Kind of protocol to communicate. The bridging function is at the data link layer, layer 2 of the OSI reference model . The purpose of the bridge is to filter, send or spread any incoming frames based on the MAC address of the particular frame. eBGP External Border Gateway Protocol (External Border Gateway Protocol) is used in different autonomous Classical IP over ATM ( classical IP over ATM) is defined in RFC 1577 to make ATM features It uses two pairs of twisted-pair cable (3 class 4 class or 5 classes ) , one pair for transmitting data to the other for receiving data. 20s 15s 15s Piece address. The switch then filters the network with a known hardware address (MAC) Maximize the specification of running IP OVer ATV . Also known as "CIA" . Route the path of the bridged network. The power is erased and reprogrammed. Play EPROM and PROM . =========================================================== ============== administrative distance ( management distance ) from 0 to 255 a number between, which represents one routing information BECN between the Explicit Congestion through-pipe (Backward Explicit Congestion Notification) BECN is 10.1.1.1/255.255.255.255 B(config)#access-list 1 permit any QoS class. CBR is used to rely on accurate clocks to ensure reliable transmission connections. Compare ABR and VBR . Interface serial 0 The route to the network. data compression ( data compression ) See compression . Beacon ( beacon ) An FBDT device or token ring frame that indicates a serious problem on the ring, such as electricity ASCII American Standard Code for Information Exchange (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) representing character . 8 -bit code, by the seven data bits plus a parity bit. A bit set by the network that informs the DTE receiver that congestion is encountered along the path from the source to the destination. Received FECN bit When configuring IGRP , you need to pay attention to the autonomous system number . Protocol : ICMP (Internet Control Message protocol) VTP has three modes : Duplex Half ( half duplex ) can only capability between the side transmitting data between a transmitting and receiving stations. See fullduplex . The CISCO 1900 series switches use free shard forwarding to forward this forwarding method by default. Autoreconfiguration ( automatic reconfiguration ) token ring domain failure of a process performed by the node, ETP Ethernet Interface Processor, a Cisco 7000 Series Router BECN: Backward explicit congestion notification Freedom debris forwarding mechanism , can only CISCO achieve on the device . Crankback (in case of busy return ) In ATM , when a node cannot accept a connection somewhere on the selected path The destination hardware address of a frame, then look up the address in the filter table established by the switch, and then only send the frame to the port of the found hardware address, and the other ports cannot see the frame. Asynchronous transmission ( digital transmission ) does not have a precisely timed digital signal, usually DCC data Country Code (Data Country Code) developed by the ATM Forum for the use of private networks OSPF open protocol , is link-state type routing protocol . The station's HDLC communication mode, where the transmission can start from the primary station or a secondary station. broadcast storm ( broadcasting storm ) on the network an unwelcome event, it turned on by any number of broadcast ISDN channel. Compare B channel , E channel and H channel . 2) In SNA , a connection between the processor and the main memory is not provided. =========================================================== =============== Set startup options. Negotiation. 1Gbps 4 B(config)#inte s 1 ATMARP server (ATMAPR server ) provides a logical subnet to run the address resolution service. In the network, the link access protocol formed on the standard Ethernet data link layer. Scalability and improved performance and usability enhancements. Each network segment elects a designated port BridgeID Lowest BPDU: Bridge Protocol Data Unit Bridge Protocol Data Unit Partial mesh =========================================================== =============== Specifies in which order the call will be reconnected. In addition, the call priority identifies which call is allowed during the bandwidth reservation period. The device has the hardware address of all devices on the internetwork. The server will then dynamically allocate the used VLANs . Apply application related configuration Distance vector routing protocol: Cheng. FRAME-RELAY LMI Signaling =========================================================== =============== lOBaseT is ten times faster, while retaining properties like MAC mechanism, MTU and frame format. These similarities enable existing lOBaseT applications and management tools to be used in Fast Ethernet networks. Fast Ethernet is an extension (IEEE 802.3U) based on the IEEE802.3 specification . Compare Ethemnet . See lOOBaseT , IOOBaseTX, and IEEE . AFP AppleTalk Filing Protocol (AppleTalk Filing Protocol) a presentation layer protocol support Circuit Switching : PPP, HDLC, SLIP convergence ( convergence ) Internet in all routers update their routing tables and create a consistent Thus, the switch has exited the switch at the leading edge of the output before the packet is fully entered into the input port. The frame will be read, processed, and forwarded immediately after the destination address of the frame is verified and the output port is determined. FRAME-RELAY also causes routing unreachability problems, ie horizontal separation rules. To solve the horizontal separation, you can use the sub-interface method. GMII dry megabits MII (Gigabit MII): providing a data transmission . 8 -bit Media Independent Interface. Set startup options. BUS BUS ----- in LAN emulation, responsible for parsing the broadcasting and with all the unknown ( unregistered ) packet into the address of the ATM hardware or software required for point to point virtual circuit. See LANE , LEG , LEGS, and LES . BX.25 AT&T 's use of X.25 . See X.25 . Access-list 100 permit IP any any Duplex Auto ( automatic duplex ) of a layer and 2 a device layer disposed on, it automatically switches provided Enhanced IGRP ( Enhanced IGRP) ----- Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (Enhanced Interior GatewayRouting Protocol): Cisco an advanced routing protocol created, which combines the advantages of link-state and distance between the amount of protocol. Enhanced IGRP has extraordinary convergence properties, including high operational efficiency. See IGP , FRAME-RELAY also causes routing unreachability problems, ie horizontal separation rules. To solve the horizontal separation, you can use the sub-interface method. An interface processor used by the device to provide two lOOMb/s lOOBaseT ports. The ratio of the total number of cells sent in the transmission. guard band ( guard band ) two communication channels between a frequency region not used to provide the necessary space to avoid interference therebetween. ----- s1 RA s0 >-------- s1 RB s0 --------- s1 RC s0 ------ The location of the standard access control list application : the location of the access control list application that is applied to the interface that is closest to the target : the application is in the interface closest to the source, show ip interface serial 0, to view the configuration of the interface's acl . FDM frequency division multiplexing (Frequency-Division Multiplexing) allows several channels to the channel In ABR service allows a congestion feedback mode. EFCI can be set by any network element in immediate or some kind of congestion state. The destination end system can perform a protocol that adjusts and lowers the cell rate of the connection based on the EFCI value. See ABBR . expedited delivery ( accelerated delivery ) may be the same or other layers of protocol of a different network device in 10.1.1.0/255.255.255.0 Endpoint ATM (ATM endpoint ) beginning or end of an ATM network is connected. ATM endpoints include Flow control ( flow control ) is a technique used to ensure that the receiving unit is not overwhelmed by the data of the sending device. Layer , Presentation layer , Session layer , and Transport layer . data terminal equipment ( Data Terminal Equipment ) , see the DTE . 5.ExChange 6.Loading 7.Full Exit application and exit the database configuration mode of the VLAN Frame-relay map ip 10.1.1.2 110 broadcast for manual static mapping The default route ( default route ) is used to guide the static routing table entry of the frame, and its next hop is not in Adopt standard : An incident has occurred. Can be abbreviated as ACK . Control NAK . ARP ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) in RFC 826 is defined in the protocol There are multiple links on the same network, and STP will shut down - ports to block network loops. control direct VCC ( control direct VCC) ----- Phase I LAN emulation defined in one of three control connections, ATM by a LEG to a LES established bi-directional virtual control connection (the VCC) . See control distribute VCC . 1. Define the maximum number 2. Horizontal separation 3. Route poisoning , toxicity reversal 4. Silence timer 5. Trigger update Experiment : congestion collapse ( congestion collapse ) the ATM results in the packet network due to retransmission, wherein little or no =========================================================== =============== It consists of a router or access server or several routers or access servers, using inter-access tables and other methods to ensure the security of the private network. dixed configuration router ( fixed router ) can not be used to upgrade any new interfaces of the router. User Network Interface (UNI) The time between a cell exit event and the corresponding cell entry event at the destination. Between these points CTD are ATM the transmission delay and ATM sum of the processing delay. The mechanism and link of a communication network to a network interface ( such as a modem ) . The DCE provides physical connectivity to the network, forwards traffic, and provides a clock signal for synchronous data transmission between the DTE and the DCE . Compare DTE . Extended Setup ( extended set ) used in the setting mode to configure the router, it is more than the basic setting mode Physical layer : =========================================================== =============== Centrex ( Central Switch ) A local switched carrier service that provides local handover similar to live PBX A recognized serial interface processor that provides four or eight high-speed serial interfaces. edge device ( edge device ) so that the data packets can be based on the data link and network layer information in the old interfaces ( such as Ethernet and Token Ring ) and ATM devices forwarded by the interface between. The edge device does not participate in the operation of any network layer routing protocol, it only uses the route description protocol to obtain the required forwarding information.