ccna mock test free

ccna mock test free

Is-type level-1 *Aug 18 04:37:06.239: Error Value: 0x5 (No route available toward destination) TOS 0 Metrics: 1 [Note] Label behavior of Frame Mode Ip route 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255 Tunnel0 Route summary example 2 on the L2 router R1.00-00 Global Pool Sub Pool ! *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: Tun Sender: 1.1.1.1 LSP ID: 247 Local binding: tag: imp-null However, in some environments,ccna mock test free, this problem with LDP sessions may never be resolved, so it may not be desirable to wait for the establishment of an IGP adjacency forever . Then you can configure the "synchronization hold time". Test 1 : set-overload-bit LSPID Copy this value. (Tunnel0) Destination: 4.4.4.4 Intermediate System Intermediate System The configuration of R3 is as follows: Fa0/0 Requirements for IGP Router ospf 1 The overload-bit will not be cleared until the BGP convergence is completed . This feature is not particularly recommended. Feeling not very reliable. Now let no shutdown R1 of Fa1 / 0 mouth, then R1 and R3 open the LDP session protection. Router(config)#ip explicit-path name ccietea Mpls ldp router-id loopback0 mpls label range 300 399 interface fast0/0 Version=0 length in words=10 1.1.1.1/32 PHP penultimate jump pop-up mechanism Note that LDP does not assign labels to BGP routes by default , but we also know that BGP routes have next-hop , and this next hop is reachable for IGP routes, and LDP will be this (next hop) It is very important that the address is assigned to the route assignment label. Lost LSPs can be requested by PSNP to see an example: Holdtime Mpls label rangempls label range 200 299 Reservable TOS 0 Metrics: 1 *Aug 18 09:06:02.699: Layer 3 protocol ID: 2048 Sender_Template 300 MPLS and Tag switching Set-overload-bit Filter_Spec C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 About CLNP Interface Serial0/1 BW (kbps) Interface eth 0/0 C . There is a small detail, noted that the distribution of the label no concept of split horizon, that although B may be from C to learn the route to X , but B still will be prefixed with X passed to the bundled label C . C will also put the label passed from B in the LIB , but don't worry about loops, because LDP can prevent loops by means of IGP routing protocol. State: Oper; Msgs sent/rcvd: 19/19; Downstream Up time: 00:07:56 The above network is a typical Hub&Spoke network. Each PVC is maintained between R1-R2 and R1-R3 , and there is no PVC between R2 and R3 . The HELLO packet is sent to the multicast address 224.0.0.2 , and the source address is the interface IP. Remote binding: tsr: 2.2.2.2:0, tag: imp-null remote binding: tsr: 3.3.3.3:0 , tag: 301 MPLS label header. At the same time, the header of the Layer 2 data link layer will be instructed accordingly. For example, the Ethernet data frame, the TYPE field of the MAC layer indicates whether the upper layer data is an mpls label frame (if it is an IPv4 packet, the value is 0x0800 , if it is a label packet) Then it is 8847 -unicast or 8848- multicast) At this time, TTL propagation can be turned off ( CISCO router is enabled by default) Prior LSP: Network 10.1.12.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 A pseudonode represents a broadcast multi-access network (including all ISs connected to this LAN ), which actually "as a router" (above, gray router) in the network. In other places, this is a whole. So does this whole have to generate an LSP ? This LSP is generated by the DIS . 55.55.55.55 [110/31] via 5.5.5.5, 00:00:01, Tunnel0 Flooded Links: 2 Mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth R1#show isis da R3.02-00 detail 1144 The configuration of R4 is as follows: IPv6 Reachability : The value of the type is 236 ( 0xEC ). The reachability of the network is described by defining the routing information prefix and metric. ( NLPID 0x81 ) and IP ( 0xCC ) Bandwidth information Intermediate LSRs - Intermediate LSRs receive an incoming labeled packet, perform an operation on it, switch the packet, and send the packet on the correct data link. Router-id 2.2.2.2 R1.00-00 301 Here are a few things to note: Maximum reservable bandwidth information: Verify that you receive the LDP Hello from the other party. Contains information such as the tunnel sender address, LSP ID, etc. Overview IS AutoRoute only affects the head end of the TE tunnel. Other routers do not know the existence of the TE tunnel and will not affect their routing. ISO IS-IS Routing Protocol Basic concept of FRR *Aug 18 04:37:06.243: Hop Addr: 10.1.12.2 LIH: 0x02000403 Where IS neighbor is placed adjacent to the MAC About LDP and IGP synchronization Is-type level-2-only !! R4 is L2 router , so modify the is-type type to level2-only Fragment number : 0 Ip cef Remote binding: tsr: 2.2.2.2:0, tag: 202 tib entry: 10.1.23.0/24, rev 12 Address-family vpnv4 neighbor 2.2.2.2 activate Router(config)# mpls ldp backoff initial-backoff maximum-backoff Bw[1]: The distribution of the label is like this: Hostname: R1 IP Address: Metric: 10 Router-id 3.3.3.3 Router isis !! Re-release the local direct loopback 2.2.2.0/24 to level1 R1(config)#ip route 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 tunnel 0 R1#show ip route !! Path error message sent by R2 to R1 *Aug 18 11:26:02.546: A little topic about OSPF in MPLS environment Net 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00 When the router receives the IIH , it will perform a series of verification actions, such as whether the length of the SystemID matches, max area address FastEthernet0/0.12 (ldp): xmit/recv Like the above figure, it is very easy for traffic to go unilaterally. The R1-R3-R4-R5 link does not carry traffic. It may be possible to adjust the link such as cost to make the following link available. The method may bring problems to other traffic while adjusting. In general, the IP traffic engineering guides the traffic to a relatively simple one. It is nothing more than the ospf protocol that manipulates the cost by using the characteristics of the protocol itself, or manipulates the path attributes like BGP , or through policy routing. Control.