ccnp route bootcamp

ccnp route bootcamp

Neighbor 10.1.12.1 remote-as 100 At this time , the policy is used for R4 on R1 , and the route AS_PATH of 10.0 is inserted into the AS number of 100 100 , and R5 is preferably R3 . Why on R5 will select R3 , through experimental results, where R5 received two routes, one from the Federal EBGP neighbors, one from EBGP neighbors, the final preferred EBGP routing neighbors. DHCP is very familiar. For the DHCP client, the initial process is to find DHCP by sending a broadcast DHCP discovery message. R1 , R2 running OSPF , R2 learned 1.1.1.0/24 the OSPF routing ( Metric to 65 ) in R2 on the BGP routing process in the network 1.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 Address 10.1.12.1(10) If the routes are from EBGP neighbors, it is preferred that the oldest EBGP neighbor came routing, reduce the impact of the roll (this provision mainly EBGP Some IOS does not support the neighbor R3 filter-list 1 weight command. Mtu 1500 , so it will be fragmented, then on R2 , the two fragments are reorganized. Set the interface cost Switch(config-if)# spanning-tree portfast [trunk] RIPng The link has failed. Can also be understood as the maximum life of this BPDU , the default 20S 802.1q No synchronization Remarks Site-level site identification: Identify the various sites on the network at the data link layer. Ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0 The prefix list contains the serial number, matching from the smallest Knowledge review Sw(config)#vlan 202 Next Hop B is passed to its IBGP neighbor C (doing a reflector), then on C , the route NEXT_HOP is still the A router (update source IP ) The EBGP route is set to a small AD value of 20 . AS_PATH type 1 : AS_SET detailed 8 bits Strictly speaking, path control is a very big topic. In the deployment of a large network, it is often necessary to consider the control of the data traffic access path in order to make more rational and scientific use and allocation of network resources. At the same time, it enhances the reliability, redundancy and robustness of the network. 10.1.12.2 Neighbor xxxx advertise-map xx exist-map xx RIPv1 29 Open loopback on R2 , IP is 172.16.10.0/24 , 172.16.11.0/24 R3 announces 192.168.1.0 , 2.0 , and sets the community attribute of 1.0 to no-adv. Router#show ip route Experimental description 100 Two-point two-way route is re-released _ Catos port switch ID in the default priority 32 (priority . 6 th 'bit ) , the IOS switch default 128 (priority field . 8 bits) After the trigger update is enabled, the routers at both ends of the link no longer send routing updates periodically. Of course, another problem arises. If the route in the routing table expires, it will hang, so it is necessary to trigger the update. It must be configured on both interfaces of the link, so that the routing update will be marked permanent for permanent. If the feature is not enabled on the local end, the data packet is either routed successfully or never routed out (discarded). The switches at both ends of the trunk need to use the same trunk protocol. Command On s> 172.16.11.0/24 Now we adjust weight values to influence R4 on about 100.0.1.0 and 2.0 routed such that R4 preferably R5 Looking at the BGP table of R4 , we find that: Switch(config-if)# switchport port-security aging type {absolute | inactivity} Verify the role of the match interface 2 Neighbor 4.4.4.4 remote-as 345 The configuration of R2 is as follows: 802.1W BPDU format The idea is the same as Experiment 2 . In this way, SW2 will accept these DHCP messages and process them, and the PC will be able to obtain the address. The maximum survival period in the discard BPDU before the bridge used to store BPDU time default 20S . If consecutive receive 10 th bpdu 30 Set ip next-hop 11.1.1.2 exit Port *> 100.0.2.0/24 Switch(config)# vlan 255 Switch(config)# interface fast0/15 Switch(config-if)# switchport mode trunk Switch(config)# interface vlan 10 The type parameter in the above command is used to indicate the hardware type of this hardware address. If type is 1 , the type is ethernet , if type There are two ways to perform an inbound soft reset: 1. Soft reset using stored routing update information 2 , dynamic soft reset R1 , R2 , and R3 run RIP , and 1.1.1.0/24 on R1 is not directly announced. On R2 : * 10.1.12.1, from 10.1.12.1, 00:07:30 ago R4#sh ip b 100.0.1.0 15 If deterministic-med is turned on, the information of the route prefix is regrouped by AS. Router ospf 100 learner Access-list 1 permit 3.3.3.0 router rip Timer verification 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets If ip routing is enabled , the command is ignored (but the default route Ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 x ) is displayed ; Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, internal Apply ARP ACLs to DAI PVST+ By default, the RIP running on the CISCO router sends v1 and receives v1 v2 . If the display is declared as v1 ( use the version in the RIP process) Note inconsistent with err-diasble difference is, ERR-disable will disable off the entire interface, and inconsistentport is for a particular VLAN 's. A BGP neighbor has an impact only on the router. It can be understood as a weight value. The larger the priority, the higher. The value is in the range 0-65535 . Not advertised to any peer 200 100 10.1.12.2 No auto-summary Route-map The PVID is the "port default VLAN ID ", which means that a port belongs to the VLAN by default . The cost of the route. // This command is used to advertise the real AS number of the AS outside the federation . Local network and re-routed routes, LP defaults to 100 , and can be transmitted to other IBGP neighbors within the AS . The LP is unchanged unless the policy is deployed during transmission. Values ​​are " i ", which is better than "?" Sw(config-vlan)#private-vlan community 8 bits The incoming route is passed from the external AS . The NH is the EBGP peer that advertises the route , and the NH will follow the route to pass within the AS without change (unless a policy is made), always pointing to the next AS (advertise the route) the EBGP peer interfaces IP ). Decision making MED does not inherit Set ip next-hop recursive R5#show ip bgp 11.11.11.0 Fa0/20 * i ? RIP update behavior Topology change mechanism (detection) Weight Ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.12.3 Metric Hexadecimal notation,ccnp route bootcamp, for example, 01b7.0813.8811.66, where 01 represents the Ethernet media type. If you increase the switchport port-security aging static command, the aging time of the statically configured secure address also starts. 1 When both the primary and secondary addresses exist, RIP will use both the primary and secondary addresses as the source to send routing updates. So R1 and R3 will learn the routing update of 2.2.2.0 . But R3 ca n't learn 1.1.1.0 , on the one hand, because R1 sends updates to R3 and is ignored by R3. VTP The BGP configuration of R2 is as follows: DHCP option 82 , also known as DHCP relay agent information option ( Relay Agent Information the Option ), is the DHCP option in the packet, which numbered 82 *> 11.11.11.0/24 SW3 's Fa0/3 from Listening to Forwarding takes 20+30S Experimental verification ( EBGP equivalent load balancing) Service dhcp AS_CONFED_SET A list of unordered AS numbers on a path to a specific destination , using the method with AS_SET Elect a root bridge in a switched network Re-routing interface connecting the local release, static routing weight is 32768 Show ip dhcp binding Show dhcp binding on DHCP server Next hop address: The IP address of the interface of the neighboring router that needs to pass to reach the destination . Router ospf 1 The above command means to inject the detail route defined in map1 in the local BGP RIB when the summary route matched by map2 is normal . When the summary route hangs, this detail disappears. This is called conditional injection . Below we look at the details of these two route-map , these need to pay special attention. R4#show ip bgp 172.16.0.0 Set metric sets the metric of the routing protocol Gateway of last resort is not set 9.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets The time interval between consecutively transmitted BPDUs of the root bridge . Default 2S Ip route 172.16.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.23.3 LocPrf Protocol overview Strictly speaking, path control is a very big topic. In the deployment of a large network, it is often necessary to consider the control of the data traffic access path in order to make more rational and scientific use and allocation of network resources. At the same time, it enhances the reliability, redundancy and robustness of the network. Policy-based routing is more powerful and flexible than traditional routing. It allows network managers to select forwarding paths based on destination addresses and packet types, packet sizes, applications, or IP source addresses. Distance vector routing protocol Path When the DAI discards an ARP packet, the switch stores a message in the log buffer , and then generates a system message system information. After the system information is generated, the switch clears the previously stored entries from the log buffer . Each entry contains information such as VLAN , port number, source destination IP address, and source destination MAC address . Ip route 172.16.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.23.3 TCN BPDU Ip community-list 1 permit no-export route-map test permit 10 Distribute-list 1 out rip 201 200 10 Switch(config-if)# ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0 Switch(config-if)# no shutdown A VLAN is generally a logical subnet composed of devices configured as members of this VLAN . Command The process of processing a VLAN frame by an access port is as follows: Match metric matches the route with the specified metric. match route-type matches the specified type of route match community matches the BGP community. RIP version number: 200 i From this experimental analysis, the automatic aggregation of BGP is obtained , and the main class network boundary is not required, which is different from the IGP . 200 So as long as the 1.1.1.0 network is not DOWN , R1 will always send default routes to R2 . Reset BGP connection / / Is to shield the route from the RIP re-released in addition to 1.1.1.0 , and re-release the local direct connection By default, the longest matching principle is adopted. If it matches, it will be forwarded. If there is no match, the default route will be found. If the default route is not available, it will be discarded. 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets Router bgp 12 So in fact, it is very simple, as long as the prefix and mask part of the route, respectively, use the source and destination parts of the ACL to match. Atomic character ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.12.1 !! go subnet route ^(100|200)$ ! Incomplete Route reflection clusters include reflectors and their clients (interface) ip load-sharing per-destination Configuration example 46 Router (config) #server dhcp turn on DHCP services. By default, the Cisco IOS DHCP server and relay agent features are enabled on your router Match community 11 Federal configuration and implementation Rule example Only when the update message is sent to another AS when, the BGP router before its AS number append AS_PATH in. This sentence also implies another meaning, that is, if you want to modify the AS_PATH attribute, you must execute the policy on the AS border router. The possible values ​​for the first column are as follows: 10.1.13.1 Because ARP 's response does not need arp request is a prerequisite to send directly, so an attacker can construct arp reply message is sent to the target of attack, to refresh the attacker's arp table, to achieve the same arp deceitful purposes. 1.1.1.1 (metric 65) from 1.1.1.1 (1.1.1.1) Network In the output of Show and more , you can use the pipe character | with a regular expression to filter the output. 4 Packets : ccnp Range character Router bgp 345 Each RIP message contains routing entries, up to 25 , and more than one message is required. Router bgp 345 (global configuration mode) ip dhcp relay information trust-all That is to say, R5 goes to 100.0.1. and 2.0 each has two paths, which are through 10.1.25.2 and 3.3.3.3 , and finally R5. Used to increase the route metrics learned through EIGRP or RIP when inbound or outbound . BPDU format and operation Switchport About PBR 10.1.13.1 Then the received route becomes 10.1.20.0/24 and the mask is correct . Failure case analysis basic concept If the route is marked d , it means that the route is suppressed. If it is h , it means that the route has signs of flipping. After completing the above steps, the logical etherchannel interface is set up. BPDU sending bridge ID Used to limit the time that the route staying in the routing table has not been updated. Obviously, the DHCP server is aware of the above problem, and the action it takes is to ignore this DHCP request. Therefore the PC cannot get the address. BGP neighbor Received a Layer 2 frame. ? Compare by default from top to bottom inQ number of messages waiting to be processed from this neighbor 192.168.67.6 VTP Version capable Last update from 10.1.12.1 00:07:30 ago Routing Descriptor Blocks: Adjacency table 4 Ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.12.1 Report routing information. Adding redundant routing Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, external, atomic-aggregate , best 200 i _ If the local BGP advertiser becomes the next hop address, the next hop field in the local BGP RIB is 0.0.0.0. *>i Switch(config-if)# no shutdown *>i100.0.2.0/24 R3 and R4 , R4 and R5 establish IBGP neighbor relationships, and R3 R4 R5 uses LOOPBACK as the update source and refers to the neighbor . Match ip address prefix-list 11 set as-path prepend 600 Ip as-path access-list 2 permit _2$ For the interface in the forwarding and listening state, transition to the block state (in the case of link failure) In RIPv1 based on the increase Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd Router(config-router)# passive-interface fast 0/0 Router(config-router)# neighbor 192.168.123.2 So they will be put into the IP global routing table, labeled B . VID At this point, the direct connection is re-released on R2 , and it is found that 1.1.1.0 has not been re-released into RIP. 14 packets, 7640 bytes Ip arp inspection log-buffer logs number_of_messages interval length_in_seconds Technical background 40 Next Hop BGP is a classless routing protocol, a distance vector routing protocol, and automatic summarization is turned off by default (this depends on IOS ). FIG above, R1 to R2 update 1.1.1.0 , . 1 hop, when R1 DOWN off, and R3 to R2 update 1.1.1.0 is . 5 hopping, R2 up to R1 route will vary with invalid timer expires becomes pdown State, then enter the timer of the holddown timer R3 receives two routes, respectively carrying the community attribute as above. Now, we only want to delete the no-export attribute of the 11 route . RIPng 39 One solution is that SW1 does not insert opiton82 , another method is to use the configuration on the DHCPserver : Let's look at a simple case of a three-tier exchange deployment: Match ip address 1 On R10 , the route is redistributed into OSPF . R11 learns 8.8.8.0 through OSPF . On R11 , the route is: ( assigned by the IEEE ), when this bit is 1 , it represents a locally local address in management (as in DECnet ). Ethernet always uses globally unique addresses. Weight It is recognized that the attributes must be followed, and the source of routing updates is clarified. Set ip next-hop In order to improve processing efficiency, the data frames inside the switch are always tagged with VLAN tags and processed in a unified manner. When a data frame enters the switch port, if there is no VLAN tag and the port is configured with PVID ( Port VLAN ID ), the data frame will be marked with the PVID of the port . If the data frame has been with the VLAN the Tag , then, even if the port has been configured with the PVID , the switch does not give the data frame marks the VLAN the Tag .