ccie security v5 certcollection

ccie security v5 certcollection

----- s1 RA s0 >-------- s1 RB s0 --------- s1 RC s0 ------ Relay Cell ( Cell Relay ) using small fixed size packets ( called cells ) technique. Their solid Copy tftp: running-config copy startup-config tftp: 10.1.1.0/255.255.255.0 Frame-relay interface-dlci ??? Assign a specific PVC to this subinterface . ??? is the PVC number . DXI data exchange interface (Data Exchange Interface) in RFC 1482 is described, DXI define a In the network, the link access protocol formed on the standard Ethernet data link layer. CER cell error ratio (cell error ratio) ATM cell, a transmission error within a certain time and Storage forwarding : slow , ensuring the correctness of the frames being forwarded . =========================================================== =============== Extended Setup ( extended set ) used in the setting mode to configure the router, it is more than the basic setting mode AM amplitude modulation (Amplitude modulation) is a kind of information represented by the amplitude change of the carrier signal. Experiment : bandwidth ( the bandwidth ) the spacing between the highest and lowest frequency of signals used in the network. Usually, it involves one access rate ( access speed ) ----- bandwidth rate defined circuit. For example, the access rate of the T-1 circuit is 1. Switch and bridge 2. How many segments ( ports ) of switches and bridges have conflicting domains . Port Auxiliary ( auxiliary port ) the Cisco console port on the router backplane, which allows the call routing An interface processor used by the device to provide two lOOMb/s lOOBaseT ports. An example. Also known as " narrowband " . For broadband . A technique that differs from ordinary TDM in that time slots are allocated when necessary rather than pre-assigned to certain transmitters. Compare FDM , statistical multiplexing, and TDM . ISL 's main road agreement created an 802.1Q main road in 2950 Anycast----- An ATM address that can be shared by multiple end systems, allowing requests to be sent to a node that provides special services. Configure the ISDN switch type and select it according to the regionality. GMII dry megabits MII (Gigabit MII): providing a data transmission . 8 -bit Media Independent Interface. In the network, the link access protocol formed on the standard Ethernet data link layer. The technology of connecting bandwidth on a line to allocate bandwidth. See TDM , ATDM, and statistical multiplexing . ESF extended superframe (Extended Superframe) of 24 composed of frames, each frame of 192 bits , the first 193 than The over rate is the maximum rate minus the insurance rate. Depending on the availability of network resources, excess traffic can be dropped during congestion. Contrast maximumraten ANSI American National Standards Institute (American National Standards Institute) by the United States, government Fast switching ( fast switching ) that utilizes a route cache to speed up packet switching through a router Switch function: broadcast address ( broadcast address ) used in addressing hardware and logical addressing. In logical addressing, the host Demodulation ( demodulating ) a modulated channel port returns to its original form of a series of steps. Modulation when receiving all-routes explorer packet ( full routing packet detection ) a can pass over the entire SRB sounding packet network, Interface serial 0 show version to view router 's configuration register =========================================================== =============== Enable enter privileged mode Spanning-tree vlan 1 cost ?? Baud ( baud ) ----- bits per second (b / s) synonymous, if each cell represents one bit of the signal words. It is a unit of signaling speed equivalent to the number of individual signal units transmitted per second. PPP authentication method : =========================================================== =============== the alignmentError ( alignment error ) Ethernet The error occurring in the network, the received frame in which the additional FRAME-RELAY LMI Signaling Storage forwarding : slow , ensuring the correctness of the frames being forwarded . =========================================================== =============== =========================================================== =============== HDLC: 1. refuse 2. allowed CBR constant bit rate ----- ATM forum created for use in ATM networks analog transmission ( analog transmission ) represented by different combinations of the information signal amplitude, frequency and phase Router eigrp 100 Equipment and Tnter have jointly improved. Ethernet is similar to the TEEE802.3 family of standards and uses CSMA/CD to operate at lOMb/s rates on various types of cables . Also known as DIX (Digital/Intel/Xerox) Ethernet. See IGRP: based on bandwidth, latency, reliability, load, MTU (maximum transmission unit) ------------------------------------------------ Presentation layer : implement data encoding , encryption . DATA =========================================================== =============== boot sequence ( leader sequence ) define how routers boot. The configuration register tells the router where to go from Thus, the switch has exited the switch at the leading edge of the output before the packet is fully entered into the input port. The frame will be read, processed, and forwarded immediately after the destination address of the frame is verified and the output port is determined. FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) ANSIX3T9.5 defined binary ( binary ) by 1 and 0 two methods of counting characters. Binary count is made for all information It does not indicate an error and can be intentional. See fragmentation . ROM: Rom monitor is a lower-level os system than Mini IOS , similar to BIOS Mini IOS (2500 serial Ethernet link overhead: 1. Address Learning Address learing 2. forwarding / filtering decisions Forward / Filter Decision 3. loop avoidance Loop avoidance To understanding Used to " fused " the capabilities of various routers and switch sets . AS AS (autonomous system) a group of networks under the management of another, they share the same Exchange routing information. Baseband ( baseband ) a characteristic of network technology, the use of only one carrier frequency. Ethernet is one =========================================================== =============== edge. When any member of the peer group wants to find a resource, it sends a probe to the border peer. The border peer then forwards the request on behalf of the requesting router, thus eliminating duplicate traffic. the fragment ( fragment ) of a large packet is intentionally divided into any portion of the small pieces. a packet fragment bidirectional shared tree ( bidirectional shared tree ) A method for forwarding multicast tree sharing. This method allows =========================================================== =============== BGP peers (BGP peers ) See BGP neighbors . A method of transmitting a parity bit or word in the link overhead of a previous block or frame. This allows the discovery of bit errors in the transmission and is transmitted as maintenance information. FRAME-RELAY address mapping (reverse ARP) Network devices ( such as routers, bridges or hubs ) efficacy. They serve as an FEP for an ATM network that uses a special DSU to complete the packet encapsulation . R14(config)#isdn switch-type basic-net3 Link State Routing Protocols The switch will first cache the frame source address. active monitor ( activity monitor ) for Token Ring management mechanism. The highest MAC address on the ring Frame-relay switching Copy flash: tftp://1.1.1.1/c2500-ik8os-l.122-31.bin ATG Address Translation Gateway (Address Translation Gateway) ----- Cisco DECnet routing software is a mechanism that allows the router route multiple, independent DECnet networks and to establish a user-specified address into a network between the selected nodes. 8 bits are used to define the network, and 24 bits are used to define hosts on the network. 1. Standard Access Control List 1-99, 1300-1999 2. Extended Access Control List 100-199, 2000-2699 OSPF only supports IP network environments and only supports equivalent load balancing. Port Auxiliary ( auxiliary port ) the Cisco console port on the router backplane, which allows the call routing The EIA/TIA-232 interface circuit is also busy. switchport access vlan 10 Add this port to 10 VLAN in . Different frequency and phase relationships. Asynchronous transfers typically encapsulate a single character in control bits ( called start and stop bits ) DXI data exchange interface (Data Exchange Interface) in RFC 1482 is described, DXI define a Support for multiple network layer protocols through NCP can achieve " authentication ", " compression ", " error detection ", " multi-link " through LCP . A remote AppleTalk location access protocol for resources and data. Numbered recommended standards in ISDN , SMDS,ccie security v5 certcollection, and BISDN . 2) A flag for the field in the ATM address containing the E.164 format number . The bit, that is, a number cannot be divisible by 8 . Alignment errors are usually the result of frame corruption caused by conflicts. routing Classless ( stepless routing ) transmits routing update routing subnet mask. Stepless road Habitat Cisco equipment, the Cisco hardware type of equipment being used, the software version and active port. It uses SNAP frames between devices and is not routable. =========================================================== =============== Management distance: Determine which routing protocol generates routes will be adopted by the router. The lower the management distance, the easier it is to be adopted by the router. User Network Interface (UNI) The time between a cell exit event and the corresponding cell entry event at the destination. Between these points CTD are ATM the transmission delay and ATM sum of the processing delay. Endpoints ( endpoint ) see BGP neighbors . Frame-relay switching There are multiple links on the same network, and STP will shut down - ports to block network loops. E channel (E channel ) loopback channel (Echo channel) ----- for a circuit switched 64Kb / s ISDN control channel. This channel may specifically described in 1984 in ITU-T ISDN find specification, but from the 1988 version canceled. See Bchannel , D channel H channel . B(config)#inte s 0 =========================================================== =============== 1. Neighbor table => all neighbors ASN.1 Abstract Syntax Notation 1 (Abstract Syntax Notation One) used to describe a structure without a computer No * do the reverse operation of the configuration device. Byte ( byte ) 8 bits. See octet . Crossover : switches and switches , switches and HUB connections Blocking -> Listening -> Learning -> Forwarding Ip route 4.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 s0 =========================================================== =============== Change (DLSw), in order to provide router-based network the SNA ( Systems Network means ) and NeIOS supported protocols. SNA and NetBIOS are non-routable protocols and do not contain any Layer 3 logical network information. DLSw encapsulates these protocols in TCP/IP messages, which can be routed and are an option for Remote Source Routing Bridging (RSRB) . Is a point-to-multipoint connection. See control directVCC . Debug ip eigrp neighbor debug neighbor creation process Halfduplex . copy running-config tftp: the running-config copy to tftp the service ASICs for integrated circuit applications ----- used for the first 2 layer switches filtering decision. ASIC view Port number : Provides the session layer to distinguish data without the application . Identity service . Configuration and beacon . The IP address is converted to a MAC address. See RARP . B (config-if) #ip nat outside arranged S1 interface outside the network to a source internal address 192.168.1.10 translated into an external IP is 1.1.1.1 B (config) #ip nat inside source static 192.168.1.10 1.1.1.1 CGMP Cisco Group Management Protocol (Cisco Group Management Protocol): made Cisco a proprietary protocol developed. The router uses CGMP to send multicast member commands to the Catalyst switch. FragmentFree ( no fragmentation ) reads in the data portion of a frame to ensure that there is no fragmentation of the LAN intersection Specify the idle IP of the address pool =========================================================== =============== cofiguration register ( Configuration Register ) ----- in hardware or software stored in a 16 -bit value may be configurable, it is determined during initialization Cisco router functions. In hardware, the bit position is set using a jumper. In software, it is set by the specified special bit pattern. This bit pattern is configured by a hexadecimal value together with the configuration command. Sended and is not reliable. Compare connection-oriented . See virtual circuit . The technology of connecting bandwidth on a line to allocate bandwidth. See TDM , ATDM, and statistical multiplexing . excess burstsize ( over burst size ) users may exceed the number of committed traffic burst size. Adapt to traffic or buried 1. Bandwidth 2. Delay 3. Reliability 4. Load 5. MTU VTP has three modes : Copy flash: tftp://1.1.1.1/c2500-ik8os-l.122-31.bin Autonomous system : B(config)#ip nat inside source list 1 interface serial 1 overload Guide IOS and how to configure it. And channel . 1 th D portion of the channel, supports the DDR , Frame Relay, and the X.25 . Compare channelized T-1 . =========================================================== ===================== Show spanning-tree brief to view the spanning tree status (3500xl) (2950/3550 : show spanning-tree) Redundant topology , causing " broadcast storm ", " multiple frame reception ", "MAC address table instability ". The CLI command line interface allows users to configure Cisco routers and switches with maximum flexibility . choke packet ( packet that was blocked ) when congestion exists, it is sent to the sender of a packet, it should inform B(config)#inte s 0 AUX port ( auxiliary management interface ): can be connected to MODEM to achieve remote management , exclusive mode . can Frame-relay lmi-type cisco frame-relay intf-type dce AM amplitude modulation (Amplitude modulation) is a kind of information represented by the amplitude change of the carrier signal. Reliable transmission mainly involves physical addressing, line procedures, network topology, error notification, orderly delivery of frames, and flow control. The IEEE has further split this layer into a MAC sublayer and an LLC sublayer. Also known as the link layer. Can be compared to the data link control layer of the SNA model. See Application layer , LLC , MAC , Network layer , Physical 3. Routing Table => Best Route =========================================================== =============== The rated throughput of a network protocol or medium. Ip add 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 ACL for packet processing : Bandwith on demand (BoD , bandwidth on demand ) This feature allows an additional B channel to be used for ! Endpoints ( endpoint ) see BGP neighbors . =========================================================== ================== Configure a password for the console port : Dynamic control of the measure, ACR varies between minimum cell rate (MCR) and peak cell rate (PCR) . See VTP is a messaging system . Ensures that all of the switches in the same management domain below network VLAN Is a point-to-multipoint connection. See control directVCC . Line : PPP, HDLC, SLIP =========================================================== ================ The interconnected network acts as a virtual link through an external network ( such as TCP/IP) . See AURP . coimnection ID ( connection ID) each into the router's Telnet identifying the session analysis. Show sessions Bit, Frame, Packet, and Segment are all called : PDU (Protocol Data Unit) Use more than one metric to find the best path to a remote network. By default, both IGRP and EIGRP use the bandwidth and latency of the line. However , the reliability of the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) , load, and link can also be used . The requested VCC determines the likelihood of a path containing the appropriate bandwidth. ACL two actions : BIP bit interleaved parity (Bit Interleaved Parity) ATM are used to monitor the link on the error A recognized serial interface processor that provides four or eight high-speed serial interfaces. The process number does not affect the OSPF notification learning ASICs for integrated circuit applications ----- used for the first 2 layer switches filtering decision. ASIC view All-trans line (Rollback): for CISCO network equipment for the management . Blocking -> Listening -> Learning -> Forwarding Rate enhancement and VCT conversion. See ATM . bridge identifier ( bridge identifiers ) for the first 2 discovery layer switched internetwork and network selection root block size ( block size ) available hosts in a subnet. The block size can generally be in increments of 4 , 8 , Code, during each bit cell 0 with "01" indicates, an alternating Points "11" or "00" . FIG. The sending device must maintain a density of 1 in the AMI but is not independent of the data stream. Also called the alternating mark reverse of the binary code. Control B8ZS . See ones density . bursting ( burst ) Some technologies ( including ATM and FR ) are considered to be unexpected. This means the user =========================================================== =============== =========================================================== =============== FRAME-RELAY IGRP is a distance vector type routing protocol that does automatic route summarization . There is no way to turn off this feature . Physical layer : rate , voltage , pin interface type Bit DUAL Diffusing Update Algorithm (Diffusing Update Algorithm) used in the Enhanced IGRP , this Access layer : Provides network access points , and the corresponding device ports are relatively dense . Main devices : switches , hubs . B (config-if) #ip nat inside configured S0 interface inside the network Scalability and improved performance and usability enhancements. routing Classless ( stepless routing ) transmits routing update routing subnet mask. Stepless road A series of actions performed immediately to determine if a connection request violates the QoS guarantee for establishing a connection . The CAC is also used to transmit connection requests over an ATM network. 100Mbps 19 CGMP Cisco Group Management Protocol (Cisco Group Management Protocol): made Cisco a proprietary protocol developed. The router uses CGMP to send multicast member commands to the Catalyst switch. A(config-keychain)#exit IGRP uses composite metrics to select the best route . filtering ( Filter ) The following table provides security on the network by between visits. 3. The switch and all the segments ( ports ) of the bridge are in the same broadcast domain. RA: Copy tftp: flash: The distance limit of each segment of 1OBaseT is about 100 meters. See Ethernet and IEEE 802.3 . Variable length subnet mask (VLSM) and supernet are allowed by selection . Protocols that support stepless routing are RIP version 2 , Set of special character data link communication protocols. These protocols have generally been replaced by bit-oriented protocols. Compare the bit-oriented protocol . cable range ( range of cables ) in the extended AppleTalk network, using the number range assigned to the existing nodes on the network. The value of the cable range can be a sequence of one or several consecutive network numbers. Node addresses are determined by their cable range values.