ccna latest syllabus 2016 pdf

ccna latest syllabus 2016 pdf

State: explicit path option 10 is active Is a group or flow of packets that are forwarded along the same path and are treated the same with regard to the forwarding treatment. Interface eth 0/0 Set-overload-bit suppress interlevel redistribute connected level-1 Impact of route summarization on MPLS Protocol overview HELLO holdtime is the maximum allowable interval for an IS-IS router to receive 2 consecutive hello packets. Hello holdtime=hello interval × hello multiplier . Therefore hello holdtime defaults to 30S . If a router has not received any hello after the hello holdtime expires , the neighbor is declared invalid. Mpls traffic-eng tunnels mpls label range 200 299 IS-IS routers belong to only one specific area Prefix adjacent router *Aug 18 11:26:02.546: Level1 have level1 of DIS , Level2 have Level2 the DIS , the election results may differ 3.3.3.3/32 The configuration of R2 is as follows: Global Pool 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets Ip cef No synchronization By default, the OSPF hold time ( dead-interval ) is Ip unnumbered Loopback0 tunnel destination 4.4.4.4 tunnel mode mpls traffic-eng TE 's policy routing is no different from traditional policy routing, and it does not change the routing table traffic forwarding based configuration policy. That is the CEF table For example, the above figure, we can test on R2 , the configuration is as follows: R3#show mpls forwarding-table Network 10.1.34.4 0.0.0.0 area 0 LSP serial number 0180-C200-0015 ( ZeroAgeLifetime , during which only the header of this LSP is reserved ), it will be deleted when this time is reached. IGP Area[1] ID:: ospf area 0 System Information:: Type escape sequence to abort. 404 *Aug 18 11:26:02.546: Explicit Route: 10.1.23.3 10.1.34.3 10.1.34.4 10.1.45.4 TE metric: 1 We see that in the LFIB of R3 , going to the destination of 1.1.1.1 , there are two label paths for load balancing. 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets Downstream active mode : Downstream Unsolicited Outgoing interface ! 4.4.4.4/32 Route-map test permit 10 router isis Continue to show it: Dynamic Hostname Exchange Mechanism for IS-IS Select the path with the lowest IGP cost If the weight issue orders without the level parameter, the default is as shown level2 parameters, that is, inject external routes into level2 in this way level2 area can learn to this external routes, but level1 area in Can't learn because R2 is at level1 75000 Mpls traffic-eng router-id loopback0 mpls traffic-eng area 0 Set-overload-bit suppress external redistribute connected level-1 Let the ES know where it is, the area prefix ! Virtual circuit ID of X.25 or ATM Type 2 length 36: Reserved label MAX.Areas maximum area address. Indicates how many different zone prefixes we can configure for a router. value 1/0/0 Designated Intermediate System designated intermediate system 0x4F65 Ip explicit-path name R2R4R5 enable next-address 10.1.12.2 ! Data plane : Data forwarding based on tags We see that the Tunnel is up, and R2 goes to the 5.5.5.5 route, the outgoing interface is tunnel , and the TE tunnel is up. MPLS TE considers the attribute parameters of the link (such as delay, jitter, etc.) Tib entry: 4.4.4.4/32, rev 14 Network 10.1.24.4 0.0.0.0 area 0 Local Exist in the message The IS-IS adjacency on the LAN is still different from the P2P link: *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: General Parameters break bit=0 service length=8 Default metric is supported by all IS-IS routers and is often interpreted as a measure that is inversely proportional to bandwidth. 0x00000036 Type 1 length 8 : Oper: up NLPID: 131 Mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth Outgoing Outgoing tag or VC Oper: up OSPF and ISIS also have mechanisms for periodic flooding *Aug 18 04:37:06.243: version = 0 length in words = 7 Ip cef Record Route: NONE This will cause the route of R2 to change. The outgoing interface of the route to 5.5.5.5 and 55.55.55.55 becomes e0/1 . So R2 goes to A puts the data on the label 23 , goes to B , and ejects the label header to C ( PHP mechanism); C receives the IP packet to find the FIB table, and then presses the package 55 to D , D finally finds LFIB and Pop the label to drop the IP packet to E , and E forward the IP packet to the destination. 4B is an unsigned integer. Starting from 0 , increase by 1 each time . When a router is first connected to the network, the sequence number of the first LSP it generates is 1 . The LSP sequence number generated when the network changes is also incremented by 1 . The LSP sequence number plays a key role in the data synchronization process, mainly in distinguishing between old and new LSPs . 947 Is a sequence of LSRs that switch a labeled packet through an MPLS network or part of an MPLS network. Activate the MPLS TE extension for each router's OSPF and manually set the RouterID for MPLS TE . 906 IS-IS Level-1 Link State Database: For all practical applications, IS-IS only supports broadcast and point-to-point links. The NBMA link is not supported . In the NBMA environment, it can be equipped BandwidthOverride: disabled LockDown: disabled Verbatim: disabled *Aug 18 09:06:02.699: TIME_VALUES type 1 length 8 : Basic experiment 1 Fspec: ave rate=60000 kbits, burst=1000 bytes, peak rate=60000 kbits Bytes tag switched Test . 6 : SET-overload-External 'bit the suppress interlevel Tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 10 explicit name R3R4 Reservable Bandwidth[6]: In IOS , the normal router hello interval defaults to 10S , and the DIS defaults to 3.3S . R1(config)#key chain test R1(config-keychain)#key 1 Interface loopback0 Is an extended form of type 128TLV Discovery Sources: Support for recording each site through which the LSP tunnel passes, which can be used to prevent loops !! This one can be done, you know *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: Tun Dest: 5.5.5.5 Tun ID: 0 Ext Tun ID: 1.1.1.1 Three tables Mpls traffic-eng tunnels mpls label range 300 399 0x2B7C Ip address 10.1.23.2 255.255.255.0 DN 0 kbits/sec ! R4.00-00 *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: Error Value: 0x5 (No route available toward destination) ISO10589 defines how to establish a through Level2 backbone of Level1 to repair a quarantined routing Level1 area. This is mainly achieved by electing a level2- capable router in each area as the area-specified level 2 IS and establishing a special adjacency relationship called virtual adjacency or virtual link between the areas. 2 1.1.1.1 [110/3] via 10.1.34.4, 00:53:36, FastEthernet1/0 Device Internet segment 10.1.xy.0 / 24 , where xy is the device number, X small y large Prefix 1.1.1.1 [110/3] via 10.1.34.4, 00:53:36, FastEthernet1/0 2.2.2.2/32 Interface Loopback0 i*L1 0.0.0.0/0 [115/10] via 10.1.123.3, FastEthernet0/0 MPLS TE status [0]: Ip address 10.1.34.3 255.255.255.0 The load of the routing processor is low in large areas About 30.0 / 24 prefix,ccna latest syllabus 2016 pdf, C allocates a label 23 , the mapping is transmitted to the B ; B local to 30.0 / 24 allocates a label 22 , the mapping is transmitted to the A . 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets Reservable Bandwidth[5]: Interface fast 1/0 Bw[5]: Link[0 ]:Nbr IGP Id: 10.1.12.2, nbr_node_id:8, gen:47 frag_id 0, Intf Address:10.1.12.1 *Aug 18 11:26:02.546: Flags: 0x0 Ciphertext interface authentication Network 10.1.34.3 0.0.0.0 area 0 10.1.34.0/24 Router-id 2.2.2.2 TE overview Router ospf 1 1178 Bytes tag switched Type Backbone , so R2 can learn. At this time, I had a whimsy, and I made a level2 route to the level1 route re-release on R2 and found that Mpls ldp router-id Loopback0 For the highest loopback port IP Host Modify target ldp session related parameters The global configuration command metric-narrow can be restored to the original default configuration. Basic configuration 16 Mpls traffic-eng tunnels mpls ip The label that the tail router advertises to the penultimate hop router is "explicit empty label". However, if the penultimate hop router runs CISCO IOS , it will understand this in the form of an implicit null label, that is, By default, in the TE tunnel, the message sent by the penultimate router to the tail router is unlabeled (or the top label has been removed). 2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets TE tunnels are distinct from MPLS LSP through which it traverses: Ip address 10.1.123.3 255.255.255.0 In RFC5250 In been described herein: A neighbor Capable IS-opaque and only IF The IF IT sets-O 'bit in the Options The ITS Database Field of the Description packets; The-O' bit the NOT SHOULD BE SET When ignored and the MUST BE Next, add a PVC between R2 and R3 : 10.1.24.0 [115/20] via 10.1.123.2, FastEthernet0/0 !! The link to the problem , the metric is set to 65535 3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets 10.1.23.3 [MPLS: Label 300 Exp 0] 0 msec 0 msec 0 msec Mpls ldp igp sync holddown msecs Tunnel mpls traffic-eng autoroute metric absolute 9 75000 R3#show mpls forwarding-table IS-IS requires the same length of the SystemID in the entire domain . If you receive the IIH , the " System ID Length " field is local to My Address: 10.1.12.1 200 Topology environment description: !! configured for the device net address, a plurality of, up default . 3 th Ip unnumbered loopback 0 tunnel destination 4.4.4.4 tunnel mode mpls traffic-eng Basic command Ip router isis LSPID Type 2 length 48: [115/10] via 10.1.123.2, FastEthernet0/0 Assume that this is an internal network of the operator, R4 is the national trunk, R2 and R3 are left to the provincial, and the provincial internal ran IS-IS to carry the routing prefix information in the Core , and as the provincial dry exit R2 , R3 The route prefix or default route of a specific national trunk is issued. We take the default route example here. Both R2 and R3 maintain the EBGP neighbor relationship with R4 . In this case, R2 is required to be upgraded and then restarted. After the restart, IS-IS converges faster than BGP . After the first convergence, R2 to the IS-IS area. Internal flooding LSP , R1 will use R2 as the next hop of some route prefix, or the next hop of the default route. However, at this time , BGP of R2 does not converge, so that R2 is reached.The data may be discarded and black holes appear.