free test dumps

free test dumps

There are actually some hidden dangers here. For example, using traceroute may expose the internal structure of the network ( after TTL=0 , the router will return an error message, which may expose network information). For prefix-access-list – the IP access list that selects the destinations for which the labels will be Prefix 3 LSP ID TOS 0 Metrics: 1 ! Record Route: NONE Traffic engineering ( Traffic Engineering ) we can be loosely understood as "the ability to control traffic across the network," we can by TE allows the deployment of traffic in an optimal way transmission from one node to another node in the network. Router(config-if)#mpls traffic-eng administrative-weight ? Mpls traffic-eng tunnels mpls ip 75000 C Clns host RouterA 49.0001.1111.2222.3333.00 clns host RouterB 49.0001.4444.5555.6666.00 Router ospf 1 !! Outbound label 201 , which is given by R2 Router ospf 1 3 10.1.23.2 [MPLS: Label 203 Exp 0] 964 msec 1124 msec 1008 msec lab environment Router# show mpls traffic-eng link-management bandwidth-allocation Ciphertext interface authentication R3#show ip ospf database router 2.2.2.2 0x00000017 10.1.12.2 SENDER_TSPEC ! The default LDP label space is platform-based per-platform or device-based. What do you mean? Let's look at the B router, which bundles the label 34 for the prefix X , and publishes the label binding information to all LDP neighbors, which is the same for everyone, and everyone has a label 34 . This is based on the platform. Then there is an interface-based tag space. AutoRoute: disabled LockDown: disabled Loadshare: 0 bw-based auto-bw: disabled !! This is the mapping of IP 366 OSPF and ISIS also have mechanisms for periodic flooding Level2 : Backbone , a collection of consecutive L2 routers (including L1/L2 router ); Backbone is made up of all L2s (including L1/L2) Mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth The routing table for R1 is as follows: Section LAN ID as 1921.6811.1001. 03 . " the routers connected to the multiaccess network (Ethernet) all have the same circuit ID . The circuit ID is a one-octet number that the router uses to uniquely identify the General Parameters break bit=0 service length=8 Unmarked / No Label: The entire label stack is removed and the message is forwarded in an unlabeled manner. However, in some environments, this problem with LDP sessions may never be resolved, so it may not be desirable to wait for the establishment of an IGP adjacency forever . Then you can configure the "synchronization hold time". Interface fast0/0 Record Route: NONE Pop tag *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: min unit=0 bytes, max pkt size=2147483647 bytes The routing table for R1 is as follows (direct route is ignored): The initial environment is as shown above, and the traffic from R1 to R8 has been carried on the green path shown in the figure. TLV 22 : Extended intermediate-System Reachability Interface eth 0/0 Fa0/0 [7]: 55000 kbits/sec The label mapping message that is advertised locally is meaningful to the global . The labels corresponding to the same FEC advertised from different interfaces are the same. Access-list 1 permit 5.5.5.0 route-map test permit 10 SNP serial number packet OutLabel : Ethernet0/0, 204 RSVP Signalling Info: *Aug 18 04:37:06.243: Hop Addr: 10.1.12.2 LIH: 0x02000403 Section LAN ID as 1921.6811.1001. 03 . " the routers connected to the multiaccess network (Ethernet) all have the same circuit ID . The circuit ID is a one-octet number that the router uses to uniquely identify the Only the label mapping message of the route prefix advertised by the next hop neighbor of the optimal route is saved locally. *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: Flags: (0x7) Local Prot desired, Label Recording, SE Style Interface eth 0/0 *Aug 18 04:37:06.239: SENDER_TEMPLATE type 7 length 12: By selection ( level2 routing) Mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth ISO protocol (data link type on Ethernet is FEFE ), in 5 10.1.15.5 1564 msec 1124 msec 1484 msec Interface FastEthernet0/0 Lost LSPs can be requested by PSNP to see an example: R1.00-00 The command to define an Explicit path is as follows: IS-IS router advertisements contain direct neighbors and routing information TLVs . The configuration of R1 is as follows: 0/0/0 *Aug 18 11:31:44.598: Peer LDP Ident: 3.3.3.3:0; Local LDP Ident 2.2.2.2:0 TCP connection: 3.3.3.3.62244 - 2.2.2.2.646 ISO10589 Then we can use TE tunnel thinking to create two TE tunnels on R1 , as shown below: In this environment, all physical interfaces OSPF cost = 10 ,free test dumps, Loopback port cost = 1 Bw[1]: Sub Pool Ip explicit R1toR5 TOS 0 Metrics: 1000 !! default tunnel port advertised cost = 1000 Or Tunnel Id All routers run OSPF Pop tag Outgoing Label RSVP Signalling Info: R3 is the ABR , connected area0 and area1 Router(config)# mpls ldp neighbor [vrf vpn-name] ip-addr targeted [ldp | tdp] Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes Label Outgoing Next Hop Label Label or Tunnel Id Switched interface Network 10.1.23.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 The configuration of R5-PE2 is as follows: Finally, the path of the second TE tunnel is as follows: 10.1.12.2 1 *Aug 18 04:37:06.239: General Parameters break bit=0 service length=8 Mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth 6bits R1#sh mpls for Admin: up R2-PE1#show mpls traffic-eng tunnels Network 10.1.24.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 Metric , the tunnel 's Metric (for OSPF for the tunnel mouth Default cost = 1000 ) will link status information together with the notice to other neighbors, and also affects other routers routing. ! Outgoing Ip vrf VPN-A rd 2345:1 R1(config)#interface fa0/0 Prefix Ip cef RFC1195 LDP and IGP synchronization Router-id 3.3.3.3 Used to request complete LSP information when the database is synchronized on the broadcast link. Network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 Interface loopback0 <0x0-0xFFFFFFFF> Attribute flags LDP IP before 4B is when there is a loopback when interfaces, loopback maximum interface IP , if there is no lp interface, is the largest active physical interface IP , use the following command to change: Interface fas0/0 ! If you change the Path-selection metric to igp , the shortest path to the tunnel will ignore the configuration in the physical interface. 10.1.23.3 TE overview Router-id 2.2.2.2 The basic feature of MPLS is that all packets are tagged, so it is impossible to distribute labels such as OSPF , EIGRP , RIP , and ISIS . Then you need a new protocol that is independent of all routing protocols and can be used in conjunction with all IGPs . LDP is one such protocol. Of course, BGP is because it carries external routes. Therefore, it is more effective and even perfect to use BGP itself to distribute tags. Therefore, BGP can implement multiple protocols, and the impact of using it to distribute tag information is very small. And BGP is the only protocol that distributes prefixes between AS autonomous systems.