ccna routing and switching exam questions and answers pdf

ccna routing and switching exam questions and answers pdf

Interface eth0/0 Mpls traffic-eng router-id loopback 0 mpls traffic-eng level-1 Run OSPF on the entire network to announce direct connection and loopback interface. Interface eth0 0/0 Level2 area default route (conditional advertisement) The link ID can be the router ID of the neighbor . If it is a multiple access link, it is the interface address of the DR . Contains the tunnel's prioritization, hold priority, and some flags Network 10.1.45.4 0.0.0.0 area 0 mpls traffic-eng router-id loopback0 mpls traffic-eng area 0 The virtual link implements a level 1 repair path through the backbone . The zone designated router sets the partition repair of its level1 LSP . Establishment of LIB and LFIB tables Forwarding tagged messages Ip address 10.1.255.1 255.255.255.255 I/E 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets Do not need to explain it again? At R4 , R4 pops the top label and forwards the packet to R5. Interface Tunnel0 NNHop ( Next-Next Hop Router ): Next hop router, next hop of the PLR next hop router Globally activate MPLS TE tunnel and set MPLS label space ! 1.0.0.0 10.1.12.2 304 Router ospf 1 To add: In the above environment, the loopback interface cost=1 , and the cost of all other physical interfaces =10 . Then if we configure: Periodic flooding Network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0 area 0 OSP PDU i L1 Neighbor relationship establishment LDP autoconfig If the ES and the IS have the same area ID , then all ESs in the same area will establish an adjacency with the layer 1 router on the shared medium . Network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 0 Ok, now let's analyze, when R1 wants to send data to R4 's Loopback 4.4.4.4 , how the data is transmitted. First analyze the control level: Ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 No longer take the tunnel , and then go to traceroute 55.55.55.55 from R2 , no longer see the label. The following will be analyzed separately: [115/20] via 10.1.24.2, Serial0/0 Support for diagnosis of LSP tunnel I don't want L1-router to generate this default route, or more rigorously, we don't want L1\L2 router to press att , the method is *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: version=0,ccna routing and switching exam questions and answers pdf, length in words=7 i ia 10.1.24.0 [115/148] via 10.1.123.2, FastEthernet0/0 Match ip address prefix-list test router isis From which interface a tag packet is received, as long as it has this tag, it will be exchanged. Activate RSVP on the interface and configure reserved bandwidth (optional) Mpls traffic-eng router-id loopback0 mpls traffic-eng area 0 *Aug 18 04:37:06.239: Tun Sender: 1.1.1.1 LSP ID: 20 Router ospf 100 *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: version=0 length in words=10 No frame-relay inverse-arp Globally activate MPLS TE tunnel and set MPLS label space The unit of the OSI protocol stack defining data is the protocol data unit PDU , so the OSI view data frame is the PDU of the data link layer . Type ! Mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth 300 Network 10.1.12.1 0.0.0.0 area 0 mpls traffic-eng router-id loopback0 mpls traffic-eng area 0 If you still can't distinguish, choose one randomly. An LDP router has multiple LDP neighbors, and these neighbors assign labels to routes and pass them to themselves. If the highest bit (the leftmost bit) is 0 , the metric type is default metric . If it is 1 , it means the metric is not supported. ! Router-id 3.3.3.3 ! RSVP extension for LSP tunnel : Net 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00 Fa1/0 Tunnel mpls traffic-eng autoroute metric x Create a " pseudo-node LSP " in the broadcast subnet and advertise all the routes in the subnet (the LSP is similar to the LSA ) LS age: 29 We assume that in the above topology, the bandwidth of all links is 10Mbps . Then after running the IGP protocol, we know that from R1 to R7 , the shortest path is R1-R3-R6-R7 , but because the traffic between R1-R8 in the network has already run on this path, and it takes up a relatively high Bandwidth, the load of the link is too high, the traditional IP routing protocol is not so smart to take this into account, but with MPLS TE , we can let R1 to R7 take a better path. .