best ccna exam prep

best ccna exam prep

----------- ---------- Ip cef The above is the LDP neighbor shown on R1 . There is an LDP neighbor. Its LDP router ID is 2.2.2.2 and label spaceID=0 . This indicates that the platform is based on the label space. Interface eth0/1 State: dynamic path option 10 is active IGP Area[1] ID:: ospf area 0 System Information:: 1.1.1.1 772 IS reachability Now let's add R4 . Note that R4 is only equipped with OSPF at this time . First, don't configure mpls ip on the interface connected to R1 (or use Implicit empty label Label description Create a TE tunnel on R1 , the source is its own loopback0 , and the destination is 4.4.4.4 of R4 . InLabel : - Mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth For example, this CEF shows that the data going to 4.4.4.4 is stamped with 203 and then sent to 10.1.12.2 . Network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0 area 0 MPLS mode 2.2.2.2 100 . An MP-iBGP connection is established between R2 and R5 . This command only R3 on L2 routes redistributed into the OSPF , but R3 activated IS-IS is S0 / 0 direct port they will not be redistributed into TE metric: 1, IGP metric: 1, attribute_flags: 0x0 R3.00-00 Fa0/0 Fspec: ave rate=0 kbits, burst=1000 bytes, peak rate=0 kbits History: NLPID: ! !! Primary tunnel Note that at this time, although the LDP adjacency between R1 and R2 has been broken, in principle, LDP does not adjacency, in the case of synchronizing, Show mpls ldp discovery detail Show mpls ldp parameters Show mpls ldp neighbor Average rate=250000 bytes/sec, burst depth=1000 bytes ! Interface eth0/0 Ip cef (Tunnel0) Destination: 4.4.4.4 Outgoing tag or VC Oper: up Network 10.1.23.3 0.0.0.0 area 0 Implicit empty label L2 router RSVP extension to LSP tunnel TCP connection: 3.3.3.3.33664 - 1.1.1.1.646 IS Hops: 0 Network 10.1.23.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 mpls traffic-eng router-id loopback0 mpls traffic-eng area 0 Global Pool Sub Pool Outgoing Intermediate system adjacent router The configuration of R1 is as follows: This global command is used to modify it. After the expiration of the timer, the IGP will establish an adjacency on the link. Once the IGP adjacency is established and the LDP session has not been synchronized, the IGP will advertise the metric of the link to the maximum. Mpls traffic-eng reoptimize events link-up *Aug 18 11:31:44.598: The configuration of R2 is as follows (all configurations are omitted from the configuration of interface IP ): 0 kbits/sec *Aug 18 04:37:06.239: ADSPEC type 2 length 48: Global Pool Sub Pool Show ip route isis Detailed LSP header Interface eth0/1 Router-id 5.5.5.5 Router-id 5.5.5.5 Support IP classless routing prefix (support VLSM ) Take a look at the routing table for R1 : 0 kbits/sec An LDP session is a TCP session, and a TCP session may be attacked by TCP fragment spoofing. LDP authentication can be used for protection. MD5 will add a signature — called the MD5 digest, to the TCP segment. Admin: up 0 kbits/sec Fa0/0 Tunnel: 10.1.45.4 Et0/1 75000 LDP session establishment Interface Tunnel0 LSP refresh inverval is the periodic flooding time of an LSP . The default is 15 minutes, which is 900S . The interface IP of R3 is 10.1.23.3 . Then shut down the e0/1 port of R2 : The configuration of R3 is as follows: Ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 Ip address 10.1.45.5 255.255.255.0 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 4.4.4.4 Average rate=250000 bytes/sec, burst depth=1000 bytes Router-id 3.3.3.3 Experimental verification C The router address TLV carries the router TE router ID for the TE . 10.1.23.3 Fa0/0 Next-address loose 10.1.34.4 Then you need the top-level tag, which looks at the next hop. The next hop is 5.5.5.5 , so be sure to find the 5.5.5.5 tag. As we have seen from the routing table, at this point R2 goes to 5.5.5.5 and actually enters the TE tunnel , then: Label space ATT/P/OL 0 (only media is shared) *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: EXPLICIT_ROUTE type 1 length 68: The router address TLV carries the router TE router ID for the TE . Do as shown in the F0/0 and Fa1/0 ports of R3 . In this way, even if the source destination address is unchanged, R3 will be at F0/0 and F1/0. ! !! Activate IS-IS on the interface Outgoing Create a TE tunnel on R1 , the path is R1-R2-R4-R5 , and create another backup tunnel path as R1-R2-R3-R4-R5 . This path is used as the backup tunnel of the former . 9 3.3.3.0/24 Label *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: Incoming PROXY_PATH: ID: path option 10 [248] Last update from 10.1.123.2 on FastEthernet0/0, 00:01:32 ago Routing Descriptor Blocks: *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: parameter id=127, flags=0, parameter length=5 Fa0/0 IS-IS router advertisements contain direct neighbors and routing information TLVs . Basic configuration Remote binding: tsr: 2.2.2.2:0, tag: imp-null Network 10.1.23.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 Router ospf 1 Ip cef Network 10.1.12.1 0.0.0.0 area 0 It is. At this moment: If the router performing load balancing is the inbound LSR of the IP packet , then it is easy to know that the received IP packet is IPv4. Mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth Type the IS : first 1 , 2 bits for indicating the type of router is L1router or L2router Appears only in the LSP of the L1 router . List the adjacent L1-router and the end LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime Type the IS : first 1 , 2 bits for indicating the type of router is L1router or L2router Interface Ethernet0/1 ATT/P/OL DIS no backup DIS , DIS can be preempted,best ccna exam prep, DIS to 3 transmission times frequency Hello PDU Mpls ip All interfaces of ospf area0 will automatically activate LDP. Attribute Flags: 0x00000000 Router-id 1.1.1.1 TE metric: 1 PDU 1.1.1.1/32 The boundary of the area is on the router LSP link state data unit Complete the routing information exchange between the area and the backbone where it is located, and assume both the responsibility of L1 and the responsibility of L2 . Bandwidth: 0 *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: Tun Dest: 5.5.5.5 Tun ID: 0 Ext Tun ID: 1.1.1.1 Net 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00 Attached Path Protection Access-list 1 permit 3.3.3.3 Removal Trigger: configuration changed Explicit Route: 10.1.12.2 10.1.23.2 10.1.23.3 10.1.34.3 The PoP : receives downstream air sent by the tag assigned to a specific prefix, the value of this tag is 3 , then the LSR to the downstream LSR transmits the prefix data destined time, he will put up top label ( the POP ) for Forward, note that this time only need to check for this LSR The database is also calculated by the CSPF algorithm, and the result is the path of the tunnel — a sequence of IP addresses. Router ospf 100 Mpls traffic-eng router-id loopback0 mpls traffic-eng area 0 SNPA Ip cef Used to publish a complete link state database on a router , CSNP is used to inform other routers of their own database may be outdated or lost LSP . LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OL Reservable Note: To use the above command to complete conditional notifications, you need to use no mpls ldp advertise-labels first . Otherwise, the LSR advertises all label bindings. Local binding: tag: 101 L1/L2 router , which holds two independent LSPDs . The Layer 1 and Layer 2 routing processes are running at the same time . At a layer LSDB maintains the first in a layer LSP information simultaneously to other L1 router advertisement which is an outlet of the region (the L1 router to form a default route one point to the area border routers according to this announcement); it support of two layers function in the trunk with the other router communication, independent of the first and maintains a layer LSDB of 2 layer topology database.