ccna previous exam papers

ccna previous exam papers

The tag value is 1 , and this tag can appear anywhere on the tag stack, except for the bottom of the stack. Network 10.1.23.3 0.0.0.0 area 0 4 10.1.45.5 0 msec * 0 msec Ip unnumbered Loopback0 Interface based : Per-Interface Ip router isis interface Serial0/0 The tail router of the TE tunnel receives this PATH message. Bgp router-id 5.5.5.5 Record Route: NONE *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: The SWAP process is well understood. Note that the LSR only processes the top label when it processes the tag data for multiple tags in the tag stack. therefore Ip unnumbered loopback 0 tunnel destination 2.2.2.2 tunnel mode mpls traffic-eng In the standard SPF algorithm, there can be multiple equivalent paths to the same destination. We call it ECMP ( Equal-cost Multipath ). Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 4.4.4.4 10.1.23.0/24 Host Interface eth0/0 Routing information diffusion and database synchronization As with regular IP routes , OSPF floods LSAs when the interface is up or manually modified for IGP interface parameters. Network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0 area 1 The loopback0 address of all devices is xxxx/32 , and x is the device number. TIME_VALUES A puts the data on the label 23 , goes to B , and ejects the label header to C ( PHP mechanism); C receives the IP packet to find the FIB table, and then presses the package 55 to D , D finally finds LFIB and Pop the label to drop the IP packet to E , and E forward the IP packet to the destination. ...... Activate RSVP on the interface and configure reserved bandwidth (optional) Net 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00 !! Path error message sent by R2 to R1 The TTL is placed in the label header. Turning off TTL propagation prevents the MPLS network from being exposed (by traceroute ). Bytes Label Reservable Bandwidth[4]: My Address: 10.1.12.1 Mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth 2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0 5.5.5.5 [110/31] via 5.5.5.5, 00:00:01, Tunnel0 10.1.12.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0 10.1.23.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 /1 General Parameters break bit=0 service length=8 When the tail router receives the label request object, it will assign a label to the tunnel LSP and pass the label. 55000 Router-id 1.1.1.1 Outgoing interface OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 1) Router Link States (Area 0) ISO10589 MPLS TE router ID: 1.1.1.1 LDP IETF standard ( TCP/UDP port number 646 ) TDP CISCO private ( TCP/UDP port number 711 ) The previously mentioned IS-IS , which only supports the CLNS network environment, does not support routing information exchange in the IP network environment. Later, the IETF in RFC 1195 are of IS-IS with modifications and extensions,ccna previous exam papers, called integrated IS-IS ( the Integrated IS-IS ) or dual- IS-IS ( Dual IS-IS ). Integrated IS-IS was developed to enable it to be applied to both TCP/IP networks and OSI networks, enabling it to provide dynamic routing information exchange for IP networks.