ccnp route blueprint pdf

ccnp route blueprint pdf

To confirm, the bridge responsible for notifying the topology change will continue to send TCN BPDUs before the bridge confirms the TCN . Next, the designated bridge will generate another TCN for its own root port , and the process is sent all the way to root . Revision statement By defining AS345 as a federated AS (large AS ) and a member AS (small AS ) in the federated AS , the problem of IBGP route delivery can be solved . Port ID of the BPDU sending bridge (priority + port number) Abc?d OSPF TAG Overview For example, change the COMM value of a route of AS12 to 10000 , and the RFC uses hexadecimal to indicate the COMMUNITY attribute, while CISCO Through the above configuration, the BGP neighbor relationship can be established, let's show it: Ip address 192.168.100.254 255.255.255.0 Neighbor 1.1.23.2 route-map test out The frame structure formed by the MAC sublayer is mentioned in the introduction above , including IEEE802.3 frames and ETHERNET_II frames. When the router performs a classless route lookup (by default, ip classless ), it does not pay attention to the class of the destination address. It performs the longest match between the destination address and all known routes bit by bit . Ip default-network 172.16.3.0 Route-map test per 10 Set as-path tag Ip prefix-list 1 permit 11.11.11.0/24 route-map test per 10 Port-Security violation penalties R2#sh ip b 100.100.100.0 Switch(config)# vlan 10 BGP table on R7 : The configuration of R2 is as follows: Ip dhcp snooping EtherType As a result, on R2 , the OSPF route 1.1.1.0 in the routing table and the 192.168.12.0 directly connected network segment that is declared into the OSPF process are all announced to RIP , and R1 can learn the two routes through RIP. , as shown in the red bold part below. Interface fast0/1 It is valid only when the router (or Layer 3 switch) disables the routing function ( no ip routing ); 200 i After receiving the packet check, R2 finds that this is the IP of the same subnet as the interface that accepts the update package , so accept this update. Therefore, this test, although the interface masks on both sides are different, but can accept each other's updates, and can also ping between 1.1.1.1 and 2.2.2.2 . Vlans allowed and active in management domain The EBGP neighbor learns 2.2.2.0 . The RIP management distance is 120 and the EBGP is 20. Therefore, EBGP routes are preferred . How to make R1 preferred RIP Only when the update message is sent to another AS when, the BGP router before its AS number append AS_PATH in. This sentence also implies another meaning, that is, if you want to modify the AS_PATH attribute, you must execute the policy on the AS border router. Switch(config-if)# ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0 Switch(config-if)# no shutdown Vlan 10 Reply to ISP1 , GW perceives through tracking , and the data is switched back to ISP1. Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path Ip route 172.16.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.23.3 The message contains: / / This is used to delete the no-export attribute, is a list of commands When no BPDU is received for a period of time and the lifetime reaches MAX age , the bridge considers that the port is connected. If the currently configured keepalive timer is greater than min ( holdtime ) /3 , then int[min ( holdtime ) /3] All VLANs Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, internal Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, external, best Community: 100:11 no-export ------------------ 00:B0:64:04:09:99 OSPF multicast packets are flooded on the LAN . This is one of the most common applications of the passive-interface feature. Note that different routing protocols operate differently on the passive-interface . 14 packets, 7640 bytes Port When a link needs to carry multiple VLAN information, you need to use trunk to implement Aggregate-address 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 as-set summary-only Turn on switch interfaces Port-Security will consume resources, Port-Security detects an incoming interface to each data frame to determine whether the flow method, or if there offenses. When a security interface settings violation to shutdown when the interface is in violation Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned Switch(config-if)# spanning-tree portfast [trunk] 1 i TCN BPDU In VTP server mode of SW3 is turned on VTP pruning after, Client of SW1 and SW2 are learning and also to open their VTP pruning . RIPV1 operational behavior 32 Use 224.0.0.9 Redis static route-map cisco FIG above, R1 to R2 update 1.1.1.0 , . 1 hop, when R1 DOWN off, and R3 to R2 update 1.1.1.0 is . 5 hopping, R2 up to R1 route will vary with invalid timer expires becomes pdown State, then enter the timer of the holddown timer In other words, R1 is not required to have a default route locally. RIP secondary address problem Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path Then 1 , 2 are compared first, 2 is preferred (because 2 has a smaller RID ); then 2 is compared with 3 , 2 is external , so 2 is preferred Interface fa1/0 Path Roo also received the request, and the request it received from the network segment 172.16.20.0 , and the table found that the network that the route to the host Milne is located ( 172.16.21.0 ) is different from the network that received the arp request packet. And the interface opens the arp proxy, so reply to its own interface mac. The behavior of the router is hop-by-hop. Each router along the path to the destination network must have a route to the destination. 4 Must be a zero field. Protocol overview ? [ ] The configuration of R1 is as follows: The default load balancing method is round-robin Match ip address prefix-list 11 set community 100:11 Gateway of last resort is not set 9.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets Sw(config-if)#switchport mode private-vlan host Interface fa1/0 Corresponding hwidb fast_if_number 4 Corresponding hwidb firstsw->if_number 4 Internet address is 10.1.12.2/24 Establish IBGP full interconnection and close the synchronization mechanism. This method is basically used at present. But this method has a flaw, that is, if IBGP 100 i About the recovery of err-disable after being punished : Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, external, multipath, best Option packet structure: Vlan range FastEthernet1/0 Switch(config-if)# switchport access vlan 10 We restore the experimental environment to the basic configuration: BGP neighbor relationships are as follows FIG above, R1 to R2 update 1.1.1.0 , . 1 hop, when R1 DOWN off, and R3 to R2 update 1.1.1.0 is . 5 hopping, R2 up to R1 route will vary with invalid timer expires becomes pdown State, then enter the timer of the holddown timer The following are five types of BGP packets and packet parsing: Route-map test permit 10 ? Associate the static route of the next hop There is no match to a or c or t the end of the content As OSPF2 create a route in the static summary routes ( the Null0 ), and static routes redistributed into OSPF1 modified OSPF1 administrative distance, the OSPF1 priority than OSPF2 administrative distance Neighbor 3.3.3.3 update-source Loopback0 neighbor 5.5.5.5 remote-as 345 The red font part of the above output is the layer 2 MAC information and so on. 300 {100,200}, (aggregated by 300 3.3.3.3) The other side has received the Keepalive packet, the two sides agreed capability characteristics, started Update on If an interface is in the flooding state, it will bring a lot of upadate and witdhdrawn messages to the network . Therefore, for a flipped interface, no bgp fast-external-fallover is recommended . After the interface is shut down, the BGP session and neighbor relationship will remain until Route-map OSPF3to2 permit 20 match tag 20 The mapped ethernet vlan will be blocked Deployment points Configuration BGP federal 25 Verify the role of the match interface 1 Use a hold-down timer to prevent routing loops RC and RA are separated by RB . In this case, EBGP runs through a non- BGP router by using the configurable " multi-hop EBGP" feature . In other words, RB can not support BGP , and the configuration is as follows ( RA ) The beginning of a string The number of addresses. The switch assigns MAC addresses in order Experimental verification Again, here is just a list of simple tools. In the actual network deployment, you need to flexibly select the most economical, scientific, and reliable tools and methods to deploy according to the actual situation. \ Cause: After the ARP Request is sent , the ARP Reply is prepared for a large number of reasons: scanning on the same network segment (host), scanning across network segments (network device) That is to say, R5 goes to 100.0.1. and 2.0 each has two paths, which are through 10.1.25.2 and 3.3.3.3 , and finally R5. 100 i Match tag 10 Data forwarding mode Then the test lines will be powered up for detection. It is found that the 2nd and 3rd lines match, but the matching length of the 2nd line is the longest, so the final result: Identify the type of message: Then between R3 and R4 is the federal IBGP relationship, and between R4 and R5 is the federal EBGP relationship. Exact match no ip dhcp snooping information option 100 In half-duplex mode, the CSMA/CD access method is adopted . R5 release B segment RIP routing, R2 and R3 can learn, at the moment we are in R2 and R3 are on to OSPF to inject RIP routing, assuming that R2 injected first, then the B route will be R1 update to R3 , R3 this When you learn B routing from both RIP and OSPF , then it will: Type echo protocol ipIcmpEcho 10.1.1.2 source-ipaddr 10.1.1.1 frequency 10 !! GW has no other configuration about routing The configuration of R3 is as follows: 10.1.25.2 By default, only one BGP process can be started on a single router and can belong to only one AS . DUAL AS allows us to run a secondary AS under the primary AS without terminal BGP connections , thus providing a mechanism for network migration. ... Metric Private-vlan ioslate Ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0 The case of RSTP : The configuration of R3 is as follows: 2 Ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.254.1 Network Metric problems 44 Match ip address prefix-list LocPrf BGP anti-ring is implemented through AS_PATH , and AS_PATH is only changed after the route leaves the AS . Therefore , IBGP does not have EBGP anti-ring capability in the AS . To prevent loops, BGP routers will not be from IBGP neighbors. The learned route is advertised to other IBGP neighbors. In direction As a result, all three switches exchange VTP packets to inform them that there is a VLAN for accessing users . For VLANs that do not have users locally , they will be automatically trimmed. Let's take a look: Distance 130 10.1.12.1 0.0.0.0 1 For a class B address, the default subnet mask length for a class B address is 16 bits, so 172.16.0.0/16 itself is a primary class network number. As another example of a through, 10.1.12.0/24 , first 10 beginning, which is an A class address, A Class mask default address is 255.0.0.0 , so 10.1.12.0/24 its major network number is 10.0 .0.0/24 . Let 's take a look at the features of BackboneFast : 192.168.1.0 declares that it has entered RIP ,ccnp route blueprint pdf, and R3 and R4 can learn this route and load it into its own global routing table. Then if we are at STP and RSTP port comparison: The configuration is as follows: At the beginning of the network operation, all switches will send BPDUs from all ports . Everyone thinks that they are root . As the BPDUs flood and collect, according to the information contained in the BPDUs , everyone PK comes out and the root is elected. . After that, Root sends BPDUs in the default 2S cycle . All non- root switches receive BPDUs from their own root ports , and then send bpdus from their designated ports . It's a bit like us from the root pour a basin of water down, water down the tree Fengyun acyclic continuous flow from the top down. In addition, the non-designated port of the block will continuously receive the bpdu on the link and listen all the time. When it does not receive bpdu within a certain period of time , the link is considered to be faulty and begins to enter a new convergence phase. .