STP and RSTP port comparison: If R2 on ip route 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 null0 , this time there is no routing table OSPF of 1.1.1.0 routing the unsuccessful thus re-release, so R3 can not learn the 1.1.1.0/24 route; R3 and R4 , R4 and R5 establish IBGP neighbor relationships, and R3 R4 R5 uses LOOPBACK as the update source and refers to the neighbor . AS_SEQ type is {100 , 200} in this segment is AS_SET type. So AS_SEQ the AS_PATH used to identify the origin of this summary route, it is ordered AS list, in addition AS_SET this AS_PATH type used to identify the details of pre-aggregated Suboption type ? The number of messages received by MsgRcvd from neighbors Ip arp inspection validate { [dst-mac] [ip] [src-mac] } When R2 Then all the 172 network segments on R1 and R2 are suppressed. At the same time, since the route-map test only matches the 1.0 and 2.0 network segments (in AS100 ), this summary route, AS_PATH only inherits AS100 , which is 300 100 ; ? RIP update behavior TYPE DHCP-SNOOPING VERSION 1 Show pvlan mapping R3 's loopback interface IP has been declared into OSPF , and R4 learns loopback routing through OSPF . Therefore,ccnp switch hard, the BGP table for R4 is as follows: Cisco CEF is the most efficient three-layer protocol. CEF uses a hardware-based platform . It not only stores data in the system buffer, but also " prestores " the entire routing table, topology table , and all next hop addresses and MAC addresses , as long as the routing table, The entries in the topology table , regardless of whether there is a data request sent to its destination address , will be pre-read in advance , pre-set the cache . Thus , when there is a new data request to send , the CPU is not required to query the destination interface , destination MAC Address and other information , but read directly from the cache , so the forwarding speed is greatly improved .
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Exam Code: 300-101、300-115、300-135
Certification Provider: Cisco
Certification Exam Name:CCNP Routing and Switching
Update Date: Sep 22,2026
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