cisco practise exams

cisco practise exams

0x00000026 MP ( Merge Point ): Convergence point, which is the end of the backup tunnel. It can also be understood as the junction point of the primary tunnel and the backup tunnel. Record Route: NONE Priority 3 : 9375000 The router will check the received IIH and confirm the parameters. *Mar 1 00:00:32.759: ISIS-Upd: full SPF required 10.1.23.3 Send out from the Fa1/0 port. So, R2 replaces the tag with 300 and then throws it to R3 . The paragraph appears in the first paragraph. R2.02 Uptime: 5 minutes, 53 seconds Prior LSP: Test 2 : SET-overload-ON-Startup 'bit the wait-for-BGP InLabel : - --------------- 0 i ia 10.1.24.0 [115/148] via 10.1.123.2, FastEthernet0/0 i ia 10.1.45.0 [115/158] via 10.1.123.2, FastEthernet0/0 i ia 10.1.34.0 [115/158] via 10.1.123.2 , FastEthernet0/0 C 10.1.123.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 i*L1 0.0.0.0/0 [115/10] via 10.1.123.3, FastEthernet0/0 *Aug 18 04:37:06.239: version=0, length in words=7 If the two LDP neighbors do not match each other when they exchange parameters, this command can slow down the trial LDP session establishment time between the two LDP LSRs . If the session establishment fails, the next retry interval. Will multiply until the maximum-backoff timer expires. L2 router has a Level 2 link state database, which contains routing information between all areas. NLPID that identifies the network layer protocol packet is a 8 -bit field, the IPv6 is NLPID value 142 ( 0x8E ). If the IS-IS router supports R1(config-keychain-key)#key-string cisco R1(config-keychain-key)#exit RSVP extension to LSP tunnel Now A has a user sending data to the 30.0 network, and A pushes the data onto the tag header with a tag value of 22 . Label packet to B , B to replace the label to 23 , then passed to the C . Of course, the above method is not safe. Therefore, in special cases, we may want the L1\L2 router to conditionally set the ATT bit and set it more controllable. Then we can associate the route-map and match a specific one in the route-map . Routing,cisco practise exams, as long as this route is in my routing table, route-map is satisfied, I will set ATT . ! Fspec: ave rate=20000 kbits, burst=1000 bytes, peak rate=20000 kbits History: TTL ! Router-id 1.1.1.1 Record Route: 10.1.23.2 10.1.34.3 10.1.45.4 10.1.45.5 0 kbits/sec !!! Initial database synchronization is performed after the adjacency is established. Packets package Since everyone learned 4.4.4.4/32 through OSPF , all LSRs will generate a label locally for 4.4.4.4/32 , and then bind this label to the prefix and pass it to other LDP neighbors, as shown in the figure. 3.3.3.3/32 Router isis 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 4.4.4.4 Configuration command Switched Pop Label Area Address(es): 49.0001 SNPA: cc03.1ab0.0000 Received in packets other than Database Description packets . TOS 0 Metrics: 1 First configure R3 : R1 advertisement Loopback route .1.1.1.1 / 32 Net 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00 Outgoing interface Session Local binding: tag: imp-null Device Internet segment 10.1.xy.0 / 24 , where xy is the device number, X small y large Interface fas0/0 For details on the untagged , aggregation, etc., and the causes, see "PASSHOT MPLS VPN Technical Documentation" Label Mapping message Static mapping, when the network size is large, the configuration is surprisingly large. The enhanced features of IS-IS are defined in RFC 2763 , among which there is a mapping definition of dynamic host names. RFC 2763 introduces a new TLV , Type 137 , which is included in the LSP sent by the router participating in the dynamic mapping. SystemID (DIS) : LAN ID . It consists of the SysID of DIS and a 1- byte pseudonode ID . The LAN ID is used to distinguish the same one. Network 10.1.12.1 0.0.0.0 area 0 Regional separation Network 10.1.34.4 0.0.0.0 area 0 OSPF divides areas based on interfaces. Routers can belong to different areas. PSNP (partial serial number PDU ) Type 2 length 36: Reservable Bandwidth[5]: Link ID:: 1 !! R2 has two direct links to participate in MPLS TE , this is the second Inter-domain routing protocol R1 from eth0/1 to R5 , cost=20+1=21 of this path In RFC5250 In been described herein: A neighbor Capable IS-opaque and only IF The IF IT sets-O 'bit in the Options The ITS Database Field of the Description packets; The-O' bit the NOT SHOULD BE SET When ignored and the MUST BE The configuration of R1 is as follows: The configuration of R3 is as follows: Ip cef RouterID , or the IP address of the interface . Mpls traffic-eng router-id loopback0 mpls traffic-eng area 0 Router ospf 1 Network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0 area 0 RFC 3786 If you still can't distinguish, choose one randomly. New object for RSVP-TE extension IS reachability *Aug 18 04:37:06.239: Incoming PathError: !!R2 sends a patherror message to R1 Pop Label *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: Refresh Period (msec): 30000 All routers run OSPF and the entire network is interconnected. The IP plan is as shown in the figure. Loopback0 of all devices is addressed by xxxx/32 , and x is the device number. This will cause the route of R2 to change. The outgoing interface of the route to 5.5.5.5 and 55.55.55.55 becomes e0/1 . So R2 goes to *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: version:1 flags:0000 cksum:7A42 ttl:255 reserved:0 length:132 If there is no PSN pseudo node, the situation is like the above picture. The LSPDB of all routers on the LAN is as shown in the figure. The red dotted line in the figure is the adjacency. We see that there are many adjacencies and the LSPDB is huge. So, is there a PSN pseudo node? Look at the picture below: ! There are two types of LSPs : Level1 LSP PDU and Level2 LSP PDU. Prefix *Mar 1 00:00:32.639: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 10.1.24.4 Up Tunnel destination 5.5.5.5 General Parameters break bit=0 service length=8 Configuration command Signalling: connected 300 *Aug 18 04:37:06.239: peak rate =250000 bytes/sec Both TE3 and R5 must establish a TE tunnel . That is, the TE tunnel must be bidirectional. InLabel : - 10.1.23.2 Mpls traffic-eng tunnels mpls label range 400 499 The tunnel priority ranges from 0 to 7. The smaller the priority, the higher the priority. Interface Ethernet0/0 Type 1 length 8 : LDP non-directly connected neighbors Ip explicit-path name R2R3R4 enable next-address 10.1.12.2 * 0x0000000B 1103 Admin: up Oper: up Path: valid Signalling: connected Session We see that although the tunnel is established between R3 and R5 , this tunnel is invisible to R1 . In the eyes of R1 , only the OSPF links are OSPF cost , so R1 goes to R6 , which is definitely The above link is preferred because the cost is small. Link connected to: a Stub Network * 10.1.123.2, from 2.2.2.2, via FastEthernet0/0 For all practical applications, IS-IS only supports broadcast and point-to-point links. The NBMA link is not supported . In the NBMA environment, it can be equipped L1 router re-releases external routes into IS-IS The OSPF adjacency relationship will not be established until the LDP session is successfully established or the "synchronization hold time" expires . The synchronization here indicates that the local label bundle has been sent to the LDP peer through the LDP session . However, if A is activated on the router and MPLS LDP-IGP is synchronized, and there is only one link between A and B , and no other available path to B , the OSPF adjacency will never be established. Because OSPF waits for the LDP session is established, but the LDP session can not be set up because A can not learn in its routing table B of LDP routerID route, so enter an infinite loop, OSPF and LDP adjacencies will never Unable to create. In this case, LDP-IGP synchronization will activate the OSPF adjacency unconditionally , so that the link will advertise the largest.The metric value until the synchronization is complete.