ccna model question paper

ccna model question paper

C It is also to check the FIB table, find 301 corresponding to the tag outgoing label is PoP and the next hop is D , then the head will pop up labels, which expose the original IPv4 data, C will be to the packet D . Router ospf 100 BW (kbps) Next, R1 calculates another alternative path to R7 through the existing information : R1-R2-R4-R5-R7 , this path passes CSPF Targeted neighbor relationship establishment Ip cef PDU length : the length of the entire PDU , including the header Router-id 2.2.2.2 *Aug 18 11:31:44.598: Status Tspec: ave rate=2000 kbits, burst=1000 bytes, peak rate=2000 kbits Router-id 1.1.1.1 OutLabel : Ethernet0/1, 304 The tunnel configuration of R2 is modified as follows: Next-address 10.1.45.5 The local device will actively advertise the generated label mapping message to all LDP neighbors. AutoRoute Overview (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 2.2.2.2 (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.255 Number of TOS metrics: 0 Interface eth 0/0 DIS send HELLO interval ordinary packet router of 1/3 (default 3.3s ) !! OSPF cost of the interface Interface Clear text interface authentication ! So far, the basic configuration has been completed. Now let 's create a TE Tunnel on R2 and R5 : Router isis 10.1.34.4 *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: SESSION type 7 length 16: TOS 0 Metrics: 1 For a router that supports IPv6 , the algorithm for performing load balancing on MPLS packets is as follows: 75000 Untagged Network 10.1.23.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 OSPF packets are encapsulated in IP packets, so they are transmitted at the network layer. Experimental procedure Can use the default or use this command to modify Router(config-if)# bandwidth ? For all practical applications, IS-IS only supports broadcast and point-to-point links. The NBMA link is not supported . In the NBMA environment, it can be equipped R2-PE1#show ip route The configuration of R1 is as follows (the tunnel is not configured temporarily ): Brief introduction to the work process C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets When forwarding, if the destination address is present in the area within, the direct use of L1 LSDB routes generated forward packets, if the destination address is not in the region,ccna model question paper, the use of this area nearest L1 / L2router as an outlet outside the area network, whereby May cause sub-optimal routing Link IP Address: 10.1.12.2 Router(config)# mpls ldp backoff initial-backoff maximum-backoff AFI+IDI is used to identify the Domain Mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OL Interface FastEthernet0/0 *Aug 18 11:26:02.546: Router isis Route Distinguisher: 2345:6 Fa0/0 Interface eth0 1/0 Outgoing Now create a tunnel on R1 : Mpls traffic-eng tunnels mpls ip PDUtype : PDU type. This is a 5- bit field that identifies the type of IS-IS packet. A value of 15 indicates L1 LAN IIH ; a value of 16 indicates L2 LAN IIH ; a value of 18 indicates L1 LSP ; a value of 20 indicates L2 LSP ; a value of 24 indicates L1 CSNP ; a value of 25 indicates L2 CSNP ; a value of 26 indicates L1 PSNP A value of 27 indicates L2 CSNP . Note: To use the above command to complete conditional notifications, you need to use no mpls ldp advertise-labels first . Otherwise, the LSR advertises all label bindings. The router generates a label locally for each IGP prefix and distributes it to the LDP neighbor. It also receives labels for the specific prefix from other LDP neighbors. The router stores the local label and the remote label (which the LDP neighbor sent to me) in the LIB . Fast Reroute As a result, the Level 1 LSP sent by R1 carries the cipher text authentication TLV . However, since R2 does not enable authentication, the LSPs sent by R1 are sent to R2 . R2 ignores the authentication information in the LSP and directly reads the LSP . Therefore, R2 can learn the route advertised by R1 . Of course, there is no R1 routing. 1921.6800.1024. It is. At this moment: Router(config-if)#tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option x {dynamic | explicit {name path-name | Ip router isis R1#show ip cef 4.4.4.4 Router-id 6.6.6.6 ! The configuration of R2 is as follows (all configurations are omitted from the configuration of interface IP ): The configuration of R1 is as follows (other basic configurations are omitted directly): The way to use static routing is of course the easiest, and the best control, but the scalability is too poor, if there are multiple tunnels, then configuration and maintenance is more troublesome. Ciphertext LSPs authentication Since R2 and R3 do not run the BGP protocol, and there is no route for 5.5.5.0 and 6.6.6.0 in Core OSPF , the final result is ! 10.1.23.3 Intra-domain routing protocol discriminator: This is the network layer identifier assigned to IS-IS with a value of 0x83 Router(config-if)#tunnel mpls traffic-eng priority establish priority hold priority Keep priority [3]: 75000 kbits/sec Look at the routing table on R3 : The global configuration command metric-narrow can be restored to the original default configuration. IS-IS Level-1 Link State Database: *Aug 18 09:06:02.699: Setup Prio: 7, Holding Prio: 7 75000 Network 10.1.23.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 R1#debug isis adj-packets MPLS TE packet forwarding is based on labels. Packets are forwarded along the pre-established LSP . Then , after the tunnel is established, how to import traffic into the MPLS TE Tunnel ? The traffic will only enter the LSP if it is on the tunnel . There are three ways: *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: version:1 flags:0000 cksum:7A42 ttl:255 reserved:0 length:132 When the forwarding adjacency feature is used, the tunnel end and the end must be in the same area, and the tunnel interfaces at both ends must be configured. That is, this must be a bidirectional tunnel, and both tunnel interfaces must activate forwarding adjacency. In this way, in the route of L2 , the route matched by the route-map will be injected into the level1 area , then R1 can learn 5.5.5.0 . Type IA , i.e. isis the interarea route, i.e. isis inter-area routes. We can verify it: R3.01-00 10.1.45.4 [T] 403 Ip cef Regional separation Integrated IS-IS and OSPF are 20 century 80 late-defined, which is about 1988 years. OSPF actually evolved from an earlier version of IS-IS , but it uses IP as a precondition. The core concepts of OSPF , such as the proliferation of link state information, the SPF algorithm, and the use of designated routers in the broadcast link, are borrowed from the IS-IS early version. Down Thresholds: 100 99 98 97 96 95 90 85 80 75 60 45 30 15 75000 Bw[3]: ISO10589 LSP various types of TLV R1#traceroute 55.55.55.55 Only the label mapping message of the route prefix advertised by the next hop neighbor of the optimal route is saved locally. Maximum interface available bandwidth: 0x2F89 Fa0/0 *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: 15 0x0000000E Flooded Links: 2 Prefix R3(config)#Interface tunnel 0 Number of Links: 3 Mpls traffic-eng tunnels mpls label range 300 399 Link[0 ]:Nbr IGP Id: 10.1.12.2, nbr_node_id:8, gen:51 frag_id 0, Intf Address:10.1.12.1 IP protocol TLV . If a router does not recognize a TLV , it will be ignored. The following will be analyzed separately: 75000 kbits/sec, R1#traceroute 55.55.55.55 Reference book Point1 : 100 LDP is not configured through LDP autoconfig LDP-IGP Synchronization : Required Holddown timer is not configured 75000 The external route is not carried in the LSP . Tunnel mpls traffic-eng autoroute metric absolute resolution if the configuration of R2 is changed to: Router ospf 1 Interface tunnel0 Three-Way Handshake for IS-IS Point-to-Point Adjacencies Type the IS : first 1 , 2 bits for indicating the type of router is L1router or L2router * 10.1.123.2, from 2.2.2.2, via FastEthernet0/0 If this time is specified as 0 , the periodic reoptimize will be turned off in all TE tunnels on the router . Of course, you can turn off reoptimize for a single TE tunnel , the command is as follows: ! The path calculation of the MPLS TE tunnel requires relevant information to be performed. Then we need to use a link state routing protocol to flood the link information to all routers running TE in the network . After collecting the information, the TE router establishes its own MPLS TE Database .