how to clear ccna exam

how to clear ccna exam

An LDP packet carries multiple label mapping messages. IS-IS 33M R1#traceroute 4.4.4.4 Default route injection Ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 Signalling: connected 10.1.12.2 Ip vrf VPN-A rd 2345:6 The configuration of R2 is as follows (all configurations are omitted from the configuration of interface IP ): The loopback0 address space of all devices is xxxx/32 , and x is the device number. Ip cef A little topic about OSPF in MPLS environment Traditional TE solutions have the following examples: ...... ...... Router ospf 1 Fa0/0 MPLS TE component In IPv4 , the empty tag is 0 , and the ipv6 is 2 . The configuration of R2 is supplemented as follows: Basic architecture L1\L2 router will inject this external route in Level1 area and Bacbbone. 10.1.12.2 Also called a pseudonode, it is a virtual router in a broadcast multi-access network, created by DIS. Router bgp 123 Reservable Bandwidth[6]: LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime The configuration of R2 is as follows: Ingress LSRs — Ingress LSRs receive a packet that is not labeled yet, insert a label (stack) in front of the packet, and send it on a data link. R1(config-keychain-key)#key-string cisco R1(config-keychain-key)#exit Router(config-router)# max-area-address xx This configuration command, R2 dependent on the autoroute characteristics calculated, associated TE tunnel port OSPF routing metric have become 9 . This is the meaning of the absolute keyword, here will not do the accumulation of cost . IP 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 IS R3.02 Ip address 10.1.12.1 255.255.255.0 Interface eth 0/0 Ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255 Network 10.1.23.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 mpls traffic-eng router-id loopback0 mpls traffic-eng area 0 Ip cef Set the synchronous holddown timer to 5S , so that after 5S times out, R1-R4 establishes the OSPF adjacency. LABEL C 10.1.24.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0 C 10.1.45.0 is directly connected, Serial0/2 C 10.1.34.0 is directly connected,how to clear ccna exam, Serial0/1 i L2 10.1.123.0 [115/20] via 10.1.34.3, Serial0/ 1 Interface Tunnel0 *Aug 18 09:06:02.699: Flags: (0x7) Local Prot desired, Label Recording, SE Style !! Flags are reflected in the flag 2.2.2.0 [115/20] via 10.1.123.2, FastEthernet0/0 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets Route summary divides the original segment of LSP into two segments Look again at R4 's isis database : Assuming the bandwidth of the local physical outgoing interface is 100M , the default reservable bandwidth of rsvp is 75% . Here is 75M. C 75000 kbits/sec, SNPA ( Subnetwork point of attachment ) 2 !! Label protocol uses LDP (default is LDP ) Or Tunnel Id Experimental procedure ! Hello data unit: sent periodically to determine whether other ISs are running IS-IS , establish adjacencies, exchange LSPs , and synchronize LSDBs . Interface eth 0/0 *Aug 18 11:31:44.598: Fa0/0 Physical Bandwidth: 100000 kbits/sec Res. Global BW: 75000 kbits/sec Res. Sub BW: 0 kbits/sec Downstream:: L1/L2 router re-releases external routes into IS-IS ( to level-1-2 ) The route prefix is ​​learned locally by the IGP , but the next hop router of the route prefix must advertise the label mapping message corresponding to the prefix to the local, and the local will assign a label to the prefix. 0x0000000C Create a TE tunnel on R1 , the source is its own loopback0 , and the destination is 4.4.4.4 of R4 . *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: Incoming PathError: 75000 Certification Information Then we go to R1 and test it: Router isis R3.02-00 2 Provide a loop-free network Hostname: R1 IP Address: Metric: 10 IS-Extended R2.01 !! OSPF cost of the interface Run IS-IS on the entire network to announce direct connection and loopback interface. ID: path option 10 [1] Checksum: 0x6FEB Length: 132 Untagged The above is the LDP neighbor shown on R1 . There is an LDP neighbor. Its LDP router ID is 2.2.2.2 and label spaceID=0 . This indicates that the platform is based on the label space. *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: Hop Addr: 127.0.0.1 LIH: 0x00000000 * Aug 18 04: 37: 06.239 : Outgoing PathTear: !! dismantle tunnel *Mar 1 00:00:32.763: ISIS-Upd: Important fields changed The Internet segment of the device is shown in the figure, for example, 10.1.23.0/24 , which is the R2-R3 interconnection address segment, then the interface IP of R2 is 10.1.23.2 . Mpls traffic-eng tunnels mpls label range 400 499 Ip address 10.1.34.4 255.255.255.0 Net 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00 This command will cause the tail router to advertise implicit empty labels. (default action notification explicit empty label) Fa0/0 Hello data unit: sent periodically to determine whether other ISs are running IS-IS , establish adjacencies, exchange LSPs , and synchronize LSDBs . [115/30] via 10.1.24.2, Serial0/0 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 10.1.24.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0 C 10.1.45.0 is directly connected, Serial0/2 C 10.1.34.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1 i L2 10.1.123.0 [115/20] via 10.1.34.3, Serial0/ 1 300 *Aug 18 04:37:06.243: Hop Addr: 10.1.12.2 LIH: 0x02000403 So we have also defined an explicit null tag to handle the scenario described above. *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: Token bucket fragment (service_id=1, length=6 words 9 Fa0/0 Point2point 75000 Network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0 area 0 Router ospf 1 Ip address 10.1.45.4 255.255.255.0 In order for the protection feature to work properly, you need to enable this feature on both LSRs . If one end does not support this feature, you can configure the feature in one segment and the mpls ldp discovery targeted-hello accept command on the other end to receive target-hello . We define the affinity attribute and mask of the TE tunnel of R1 . Then, when R1 calculates the path for this tunnel , R1 converts the affinity value 0x00000001 into binary, which is configured with the two interfaces of R1 . The two attribute-flags values ​​are compared one by one. Since our mask configuration is 0x00000001 , it is also written as binary, and the mask is 1 bit, which must be matched, so only the R2-R2 link is available. . In the actual network deployment, we can flexibly define the meaning of each bit of the link attribute according to our own needs , and combine the affinity attribute to control and avoid the path selection.