ccna training material

ccna training material

Priority 5 : 9375000 OSPF Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 1) Link state information IGP itself supports As long as the route prefix is ​​learned locally through the IGP , the route prefix is ​​assigned a label ( locally also assigns a POP label to the direct route ) *Aug 18 11:31:44.598: AFI+IDI is used to identify the Domain 1019 The configuration of R2 is as follows: Tspec: ave rate=0 kbits, burst=1000 bytes, peak rate=0 kbits RSVP Resv Info: ISO10589 MPLS TE improves the efficiency of traffic spread across the network, avoiding inadequate and overuse of links. After completing the above configuration, R2 and R5 will advertise this tunnel in their own Class 1 LSA , just like a direct link. Total Allocated BW (kbps) R1#sh mpls traffic-eng topology 1.1.1.1 (1.1.1.1 is a local router ) ! *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: SENDER_TSPEC type 2 length 36: Each LSP has a maximum expiration time ( MaxAge ) in the LSDB . If this time expires, if no new LSP is received. ! Configure on the physical interface: The main function of the ES-IS protocol is to provide mapping of NSAP addresses to SNPA addresses for network devices . Router bgp 123 *Mar 1 00:00:32.759: ISIS-Upd: full SPF required *Aug 18 11:26:02.546: SESSION Max_reservable_bw_sub: 0 ​​(kbps) R1#traceroute 6.6.6.6 Session_Attibute Ability to send detail link information , including bandwidth . Replaces IS Neighbor TLV TLV 22 can contain 7 sub- TLVs , three of which contain bandwidth information for TE Do not elect DIS , use CSNP to trigger database synchronization after the link is established . Ip address 10.1.123.2 255.255.255.0 The label header has a total of 32 bits and contains the following fields: The link ID can be the router ID of the neighbor . If it is a multiple access link, it is the interface address of the DR . IPv6 Reachability : The value of the type is 236 ( 0xEC ). The reachability of the network is described by defining the routing information prefix and metric. Create a TE tunnel on R1 . The source is its own loopback0 . The destination is 5.5.5.5 for R5 . 10.1.34.4 Mpls traffic-eng tunnels mpls label range 200 299 R1#sh mpls traffic-eng topology 1.1.1.1 AutoRoute: disabled LockDown: disabled Loadshare: 33000 auto-bw: disabled 366 This global command is used to modify it. After the expiration of the timer, the IGP will establish an adjacency on the link. Once the IGP adjacency is established and the LDP session has not been synchronized, the IGP will advertise the metric of the link to the maximum. 10.1.12.1 Ip address 10.1.123.2 255.255.255.0 10.1.56.5 [MPLS: Label 505 Exp 0] 8 msec 0 msec 0 msec Local 33000 *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: 10.1.24.2 (Strict IPv4 Prefix, 8 bytes, /32) The router on Lan establishes adjacency with all other routers. In OSPF , the router on the LAN only establishes adjacency with the DR . Router ospf 1 R2#show mpls traffic-eng tunnels Note that at this time, although the LDP adjacency between R1 and R2 has been broken, in principle, LDP does not adjacency, in the case of synchronizing, The TTL is placed in the label header. Turning off TTL propagation prevents the MPLS network from being exposed (by traceroute ). Periodic flooding ISO10589 Interface fas0/0 Network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 0 Interface loopback0 It can prevent the structure of the core transmission network from being exposed due to TTL=0 return error message 102 Router(cfg-ip-expl-path)#next-address 10.1.25.5 Router(cfg-ip-expl-path)# *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: Minimum Path Bandwidth (bytes/sec): 2147483647 Router ospf 100 Router ospf 1 However, not all messages with the same label belong to one FEC , because the EXP values ​​of these messages may be different and may be performed differently, so they may belong to different FECs . 0x10BA ! 75000 Router ospf 1 202 I mentioned the four metric types of IS-IS . The bits that can be used in each metric are the lower 6 bits. That is to say, the maximum interface metric is 63. We propose several new TLVs to make up for this defect. In this way, first R2 will prefer from the tunnel port to R5 , metric=1+1=2 . There are two options for R1 to R5 : Is-type command such as is-type level-1 Mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth Ip address 10.1.12.2 255.255.255.0 The forwarding behavior of such IP packets may cause link transitions in some networks, while other links have a low probability of use. 75000 Network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0 area 0 Interface eth 0/1 Router ospf 1 Link ID:: 1 R1#show mpls traffic-eng tunnels protection R1#show mpls ldp bindings (View the LIB table of R1 ) Error notification *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: Router-id 4.4.4.4 You can see Path weight=3 . How did this 3 come from? Because R1 establishes a tunnel to R4 , then R1 reaches R4 (note that it is not Generate a default route to this device as the egress route by ATT bit with its nearest L1/L2 router In this way, R2 will ignore the LDP hello packet received from the R1 on the interface , and then the LDP adjacency between R1-R2 will DOWN after a while. LSA Tib entry: 4.4.4.4/32, rev 14 103 Route-map test permit 10 router isis Manual re-optimization 3.3.3.3 Was used to replace TLV128 . ! !! means from 13.1 to 34.3 and then to the local ( 34.4 ) Flooding Protocol: OSPF Header Information:: C Regional information (Tunnel0) Destination: 4.4.4.4 By default TE metric equal to the IGP Metric (This means that, without using the above command interface disposed in the physical, TE metric equal to the IGP Metric ) Interface eth 0/2 IS-IS link state database Interface fast0/0 Experimental procedure Provide network stability Mpls label range 100 199 Bytes tag *Aug 18 04:37:06.239: Minimum Path Bandwidth (bytes/sec): 1250000 When IS-IS is running on an NBMA network, there are some problems. If the payload of the MPLS is an IPv6 packet, the load balancing is performed according to the source and destination addresses in the IPv6 header. Complete MPLS TE configuration on R1 . R3 Ip address 10.1.34.4 255.255.255.0 My Address: 10.1.45.4 Reservable Bandwidth[6]: i L2 Configured Areas: 1 ! MAC address, etc. *Aug 18 11:26:02.546: 14 R3.00-00 [115/30] via 10.1.24.2, Serial0/0 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets Ip cef 3.3.3.3 Router-id 2.2.2.2 Next Hop The last byte of the NSAP is used to identify the program on the same device, similar *Aug 18 11:31:44.598: Minimum Path Bandwidth (bytes/sec): 1250000 !! Set overload-bit to suppress external routing Local Let's look at the picture. If R1 to R6 want to establish a TE tunnel , which is the optimal path, and the bandwidth requirement is 30Mbps , what is the calculation process? First of all, thanks to the flooding of link state information in the zone, " OSPF or IS-IS for MPLS TE extensions ", R1(config)#key chain test R1(config-keychain)#key 1 Mpls traffic-eng tunnels mpls label range 200 299 R1#show mpls ldp neighbor O 10.1.12.0 [110/65536] via 10.1.23.2, 00:09:07, FastEthernet0/0 10.1.34.4 [MPLS: Labels 404/505 Exp 0] 0 ​​msec 0 msec 0 msec *Aug 18 09:06:02.699: parameter id=127, flags=0,ccna training material, parameter length=5 The figure above is a single-area Level2 routing domain. TE Metric Router ospf 1 55.55.55.55 [110/2] via 0.0.0.0, 00:00:01, Tunnel0 Level2 area Fa0/0 Basic Experiment 1 ( OSPF ) *Aug 18 09:06:02.699: Session Name: R1_t0 LAN Priority: 64 Format: Phase V Remote binding: tsr: 2.2.2.2:0, tag: imp-null tib entry: 3.3.3.3/32, rev 6 Config Parameters: It was dismantled and then continued to be removed. Net 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00 IS-IS supports two levels of routing: Level1 and Level2 . Level1 supports routing within the region, Level2 support routing between areas. The Level 2 LSP encapsulates the Level 2 network topology information obtained from the routers connected to the backbone network . The complete Level 2 network topology can be obtained by using the SPF algorithm in the Level 2 link state database . Src 2.2.2.2, Dst 4.4.4.4, Tun_Id 0, Tun_Instance 6 RSVP Path Info: Mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth Is-type level-1 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets Activate the MPLS TE extension for each router's OSPF and manually set the RouterID for MPLS TE . Cross-region TE Tunnel ( OSPF ) Route-map test permit 10 router isis ! ! 120s The boundary of the area is on the router For Level1 router , the area number is required to be the same. Addresses bound to peer LDP Ident: Mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth 75000 kbits/sec, The label mapping message that is advertised locally is meaningful to the global . The labels corresponding to the same FEC advertised from different interfaces are the same. 6bits Explicit Route: 10.1.12.2 10.1.24.2 10.1.24.4 10.1.45.4 ! Up time: 00:00:33 The LSP carries the TLV for authentication. Peer LDP Ident: 2.2.2.2:0; Local LDP Ident 1.1.1.1:0 0xA538 Mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth Suppose we have now established a TE tunnel with R2 at the head end and R5 at the end , which will generate a tunnel interface in the R2 local routing table . Then the simplest method is to direct the traffic of the upper tunnel to the tunnel interface with a static route . For example, after the following configuration is completed, the traffic from R1 and R2 to 55.55.55.0/24 will go from the TE tunnel .