ccna course cost

ccna course cost

Receives packets from other L2 routers in the area and forwards the packets to the L2 routers of other areas according to the destination address (or to the L2 router of the same area ). Receive packets from L2 routers in other areas and forward the packets according to the destination address. Just throw the next hop of the traffic that meets the conditions to the tunnel interface. 2.2.2.2 IGP Neighbor: ID 10.1.23.2 IS-IS adjacency and network type LSPID C . There is a small detail, noted that the distribution of the label no concept of split horizon, that although B may be from C to learn the route to X , but B still will be prefixed with X passed to the bundled label C . C will also put the label passed from B in the LIB , but don't worry about loops, because LDP can prevent loops by means of IGP routing protocol. Look at the routing table on R3 : Since we have configured link protection on R2 to protect the link between R2-R4 , when the E0/1 port of R2 is shut down , the path error message sent by R2 to R1 indicates that R1 does not need to be removed. Drop the tunnel . So R1 of the tunnel will not be removed. We open interface authentication between R1 and R2 : 687 Type 10 flooding range only in this area 0x00000029 Requirements for IGP OutLabel : FastEthernet0/0, 200 RSVP Signalling Info: Tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 10 explicit name R3R4 Protocol overview Interface eth 0/1 Interface eth0 1/0 Bw[1]: PSNP (partial serial number PDU ) 0x8000001A 0x002ED2 0 10.1.12.2 TE tunnels are distinct from MPLS LSP through which it traverses: R1.00-00 When using the Explicit method to establish a tunnel , you need to associate an explicit path . Look at the routing table for R1 : The configuration of R2 is as follows: Interface loopback0 204 Pop Label 5.5.5.5/32 0 Tu0 point2point MAC/Encaps=14/18,ccna course cost, MRU=1500, Label Stack{304}, via Et0/1 0E00003017000E00003016108847 00130000 ! 102 The configuration of R4 is as follows: If a router plurality of distribution on the net, these NET system ID must be the same. There may be two levels of link state databases: Tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 10 dynamic *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: Layer 3 protocol ID: 2048 Establish priority Hello data unit: sent periodically to determine whether other ISs are running IS-IS , establish adjacencies, exchange LSPs , and synchronize LSDBs . 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets Interface Address : 10.1.12.1 Admin Metric : 1 Ip cef *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: min unit=0 bytes, max pkt size=2147483647 bytes Network Services Access Points The configuration of R4 is as follows: Default metric is supported by all IS-IS routers and is often interpreted as a measure that is inversely proportional to bandwidth. The Global Pool Sub Pool !! interface is the bandwidth pool for each priority tunnel ! *Aug 18 09:06:02.699: min unit=0 bytes, max pkt size=2147483647 bytes Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 6.6.6.6 17 After the above configuration, we will find, R1 can learn to R2 , R3 route, but R2 , R3 between can not learn the route to the peer. Removal Trigger: configuration changed LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OL !!! CLNP is similar to the IP protocol except that it serves the ISO transport layer. IS-IS , ES-IS , and CLNP are network layer protocols that are encapsulated directly in the data link layer frame. Compared with the OSPF packet in TCP/IP , it is hidden behind the IP header. The encapsulation efficiency of the former protocol packet is higher. The configuration of R4 is modified as follows: Mpls traffic-eng tunnels mpls label range 400 499 Mpls traffic-eng tunnels ip rsvp bandwidth If the payload of the MPLS is an IPv6 packet, the load balancing is performed according to the source and destination addresses in the IPv6 header. Tunnel mpls traffic-eng autoroute metric x *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: 10.1.12.2 (Strict IPv4 Prefix, 8 bytes, /32) 4.4.4.4 L1/L2 router re-releases external routes into IS-IS ( to level1 ) LSP Tunnel R1_t0 is signalled, connection is up InLabel : FastEthernet0/0, 400 Support for recording each site through which the LSP tunnel passes, which can be used to prevent loops !! Path error message sent by R2 to R1 Sender_Tspec Broadcast network Neighbor 10.1.24.4 remote-as 45 no auto-summary Error metric Ip router isis R1#show mpls ldp neighbor System ID R2-PE1#show mpls traffic-eng tunnels Each IP prefix is ​​assigned a bunch of metrics . R1(config)#ip route 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 tunnel 0 R1#show ip route i L1 Now create a tunnel on R1 : Configured Areas: 1 All routers run OSPF Ordered control mode : Odered Control Mpls traffic-eng router-id loopback0 mpls traffic-eng area 0 Clear text area certification ! Interface tunnel0 Level1 area default route Interface loopback0 Ip router isis MPLS TE router ID: 1.1.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 6.6.6.6 The above label, there is another way to see, is to look at the TE Tunnel directly on R2 : Mpls traffic-eng router-id loopback 0 mpls traffic-eng level-1 Next Hop *Aug 18 09:06:07.919: HOP type 1 length 12: 1.0.0.0 10.1.34.0/24 Requirements for IGP 0 kbits/sec Ip address 10.1.23.2 255.255.255.0 In order to ensure the simplicity of the experimental environment first, I will ignore the existence of the R4 and R4 direct links. When you don't exist, you will be there. Ip address 10.1.12.2 255.255.255.0 !! activation Tunnel of forwarding-adjacency Activate the MPLS TE extension for each router's OSPF and manually set the RouterID for MPLS TE . LDP inbound label binding filter The configuration of R4 is as follows: Interface based : Per-Interface During the ES-IS work process, the end system sends an ESH ( ES Hello ) message to a specific address to notify the router of its existence. The router listens to the ESH packet to discover the ES existing in the network , so that the packet arriving at the specific ES address is subsequently forwarded to the ES . In ES-IS , the router advertises its own existence to the ES by sending an ISH ( IS Hello ) message to a specific address . ES also monitor ISH , if a plurality of received IS transmitted ISH , ES will then be selected, and sends all data to the IS .